Functional neuroimaging of emotional learning and autonomic reactions

Peper, Martin; Herpers, M.; Spreer, Joachim; Hennig, Jürgen; Zentner, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.03.006

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 113 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the hippocampus is known to be strongly connected to and its functions modulated by amygdala and prefrontal regions (Depue et al, 2007; Kilpatrick and Cahill, 2003; Peper et al, 2006; Phelps, 2006; Phelps and LeDoux, 2005; Richter-Levin, 2004; Smith et al, 2006), but we did not find this area in the conjunction across the MACM maps of all three seed regions. In the analyses considering only co-activations of the amygdala, in turn, we found effects in the hippocampus as part of a large cluster of significant MACM effects that was spatially contiguous with the seed region.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Task- and resting-state functional connectivity of brain regions related to affection and susceptible to concurrent cognitive demand

Kellermann

Caspers²,

Fox

et al. 2013

NeuroImage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A recent fMRI-study revealed neural responses for affective processing of stimuli for which overt attention irrespective of stimulus valence was required in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and bilateral amygdala (AMY): activation decreased with increasing cognitive demand. To further characterize the network putatively related to this attenuation, we here characterized these regions with respect to their functional properties and connectivity patterns in task-dependent and task-independent states. All experiments of the BrainMap database activating the seed regions OFC and bilateral AMY were identified. Their functional characteristics were quantitatively inferred using the behavioral meta-data of the retrieved experiments. Task-dependent functional connectivity was characterized by meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) of significant co-activations with these seed regions. Task-independent resting-state functional connectivity analysis in a sample of 100 healthy subjects complemented these analyses. All three seed regions co-activated with subgenual cingulum (SGC), precuneus (PCu) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in the task-dependent MACM analysis. Task-independent resting-state connectivity revealed significant coupling of the seeds only with the SGC, but not the PCu and the NAcc. The former region (SGC) moreover was shown to feature significant resting-state connectivity with all other regions implicated in the network connected to regions where emotional processing may be modulated by a cognitive distractor. Based on its functional profile and connectivity pattern, we suggest that the SGC might serve as a key hub in the identified network, as such linking autobiographic information [PCu], reward [NAcc], (reinforce) values [OFC] and emotional significance [AMY]. Such a role, in turn, may allow the SGC to influence the OFC and AMY to modulate affective processing.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Task- and resting-state functional connectivity of brain regions related to affection and susceptible to concurrent cognitive demand

Kellermann

Caspers²,

Fox

et al. 2013

NeuroImage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, the BLA is essential for memory-enhancing effects of glucocorticoids in hippocampus. The amygdala plays an integral stimulatory role in the central autonomic network through which the brain controls several sympathetic visceromotor responses (36,37). Thus, amygdaloid expansion could augment such response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute corticosterone treatment is sufficient to induce anxiety and amygdaloid dendritic hypertrophy

Mitra

Sapolsky²

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

360

254

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stress is known to induce dendritic hypertrophy in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and to enhance anxiety. Stress also leads to secretion of glucocorticoids (GC), and the BLA has a high concentration of glucocorticoid receptors. This raises the possibility that stress-induced elevation in GC secretion might directly affect amygdaloid neurons. To address the possible effects of GC on neurons of amygdala and on anxiety, we used rats treated either acutely with a single dose or chronically with 10 daily doses of high physiological levels of corticosterone (the rat-specific glucocorticoid). Behavior and morphological changes in neurons of BLA were measured 12 days after the initiation of treatment in both groups. A single acute dose of corticosterone was sufficient to induce dendritic hypertrophy in the BLA and heightened anxiety, as measured on an elevated plus maze. Moreover, this form of dendritic hypertrophy after acute treatment was of a magnitude similar to that caused by chronic treatment. Thus, plasticity of BLA neurons is sufficiently sensitive so as to be saturated by a single day of stress. The effects of corticosterone were specific to anxiety, as neither acute nor chronic treatment caused any change in conditioned fear or in general locomotor activity in these animals.amygdala ͉ glucocorticoid ͉ neuron S tress is known to cause structural alterations in neurons of the central nervous system including changes in dendritic architecture and density of spines. For example, chronic restraint stress reduces dendritic length and number of branch points of hippocampal neurons (1-3). This atrophy of hippocampal neurons is known to be correlated with behavioral deficits in hippocampal-dependent spatial memory tasks, such as the Morris water maze (2-7). In contrast, chronic immobilization stress enhances dendritic length, branch points, and spines in neurons of basolateral amygdala (BLA) (8,9). In addition to such dendritic hypertrophy in the amygdala, animals treated with chronic immobilization stress show enhanced anxiety (8-10). Thus, structural alterations in the hippocampus and amygdala are associated with concomitant behavioral alterations.Stressful stimuli activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to secretion of stress hormones, including glucocorticoids (GCs) (11-13). GCs play important roles in organizing the stress response by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in peripheral tissue and in brain. Both the hippocampus (14) and the BLA (15) have high concentration of GC receptors. Chronic GC treatment is known to cause the neuronal atrophy in the hippocampus and spatial memory deficits (16-18) similar to that seen in stress, leading to suggestions that GC secretion is critical in stressinduced hippocampal damage (5). However, the effects of GC on amygdaloid neurons remain unknown. Specifically it is not known whether high GC concentrations alone are sufficient to induce dendritic hypertrophy of BLA neurons and accompanying anxiety. Interactions between GC and the BLA might be importan...

show abstract

“…a Acquiring data were not available for 1 patient at post-treatment; that patient's data are excluded in this Table. key component of various executive functions, learning processes, and self-regulation (Bechara, Damasio, Tranel, & Anderson, 1998;Morgan & LeDoux, 1995;Peper, Herpers, Spreer, Hennig, & Zentner, 2006; Sotres-Bayon, Cain, & LeDoux, 2006). Therefore, it is quite possible that the CBT in the present study exerted its therapeutic effect by acting through frontal cortex mechanisms, engaging the temporal lobe and other dysfunctional brain regions identified in HD through their anatomic connections that support functional integration of various neural networks in the service of specific task demands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy response in Hoarding Disorder: A pilot study

Tolin

Stevens

Nave

et al. 2012

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Functional neuroimaging of emotional learning and autonomic reactions

Cited by 18 publications

References 113 publications

Task- and resting-state functional connectivity of brain regions related to affection and susceptible to concurrent cognitive demand

Task- and resting-state functional connectivity of brain regions related to affection and susceptible to concurrent cognitive demand

Acute corticosterone treatment is sufficient to induce anxiety and amygdaloid dendritic hypertrophy

Neural mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy response in Hoarding Disorder: A pilot study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About