Functional Neuroimaging in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review Highlights Common Brain Alterations With Functional Movement Disorders

Nisticò, Veronica; Rossi, Roberta; D’Arrigo, Antonello; Priori, Alberto; Gambini, Orsola; Demartini, Benedetta

doi:10.5056/jnm21079

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…In addition, IBS has been associated with more severe depressive symptoms compared to healthy controls and, when co-existing with psychiatric disorders, gastrointestinal symptoms are more severe and disabling [6][7][8][9][10][11] . This close association between IBS, anxiety and depression is also supported by neuroimaging studies and might be related to the bi-directional communication between the brain and the digestive system, termed the brain-gut-axis, which occurs through microbiota, neural, neuroimmune and neuroendocrine pathways [12][13][14] . This idea agrees with evidence indicating that psychiatric interventions, including antidepressants or cognitive-behavioral therapy, improve IBS patients functioning and suggests that common pathophysiological mechanisms may be underlying these conditions 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Genome-wide multi-trait analysis of irritable bowel syndrome and related mental conditions identifies 38 new genetic hits

Alemany

Artigas

Cabana‐Domínguez

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction frequently accompanied by mental conditions, including depression and anxiety. Despite showing substantial heritability and being partly determined by a genetic component, the genetic underpinnings explaining the high rates of comorbidity remain largely unclear and there are no conclusive data on the temporal relationship between them. Exploring the overlapping genetic architecture between IBS and mental conditions may help to identify novel genetic loci and biological mechanisms underlying IBS and causal relationships between them. Methods: We quantified the genetic overlap between IBS, neuroticism, depression and anxiety, conducted a multi-trait genome-wide association study (GWAS) considering these traits and investigated causal relationships between them by using the largest GWAS to date. Results: IBS showed to be a highly polygenic disorder with extensive genetic sharing with mental conditions. Multi-trait analysis of IBS and neuroticism, depression and anxiety identified 42 genome-wide significant hits for IBS, of which 38 are novel. Fine-mapping risk loci highlighted 289 genes upregulated during early embryonic brain development and gene-sets related with psychiatric, digestive and autoimmune disorders. IBS-associated genes were enriched for target genes of anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs, anesthetics and opioid dependence pharmacological treatment. Mendelian-randomization analysis accounting for correlated pleiotropy identified bidirectional causal effects between IBS and neuroticism and depression and causal effects of the genetic liability of IBS on anxiety. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence of the polygenic architecture of IBS, identify novel hits for IBS and extend previous knowledge on the genetic overlap and relationship between gastrointestinal and mental disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Genome-wide multi-trait analysis of irritable bowel syndrome and related mental conditions identifies 38 new genetic hits

Alemany

Artigas

Cabana‐Domínguez

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Present studies have demonstrated that genetic differences could be associated with IBS-D risk and symptoms (abdominal pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue) (Zhao T. et al, 2022). Functional neuroimaging aids in the detection of brain alterations in IBS-D patients, and it is speculated that various functional disorders could have a shared pathophysiology (Nisticò et al, 2022). Referring to the microbiota-gut-brain axis, impaired intestinal mast cells led by the imbalance of intestinal flora excrete inflammatory mediators, and then, neurotransmitters are released, thus inducing aberrant intestinal motility and sensitivity (Chen et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects and Mechanisms of Acupuncture on Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Zhang

Zhang²,

Cao³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of gut-brain interaction with challenging treatment. According to evidence-based studies, acupuncture is likely to be a promising therapy and subservient adjunct for IBS. Mechanism study of acupuncture based on related clinical trials of high quality, nevertheless, is still vacant.AimThis study aims to assess the results and qualities of current clinical evidence and conclude the relevant pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic effects of acupuncture on IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D).MethodsLiterature from four databases, namely, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science, was systematically searched to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which contained mechanism research of acupuncture treatment in IBS-D patients. Two independent reviewers completed data extraction and quality evaluation using the RevMan 5.4.1 software.ResultsTen trials that covered 19 items related to mechanism research were included in this review. Acupuncture was reported to improve IBS-D symptoms and quality of life, with positive effects in regulating brain-gut peptides, cerebral activities, neuroendocrine functions, psychological state, and inflammatory GI and hypersensitive intestinal tracts.ConclusionAcupuncture has potential influence on pathophysiology alterations such as regulating brain-gut peptides, altering cerebral connectivity and activity, promoting neuroendocrine functions and mental state, and mitigating inflammation as well as hypersensitivity of bowels in IBS-D patients, but further studies of high quality are still necessary.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42022320331].

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“…In patients with anxiety disorders, the insula and amygdala are hyperactive during emotional processing (Cui et al 2020;Gorka et al 2019), and SSRI or CBT-related decreased insular (but not amygdala) activation was associated with greater improvement in anxiety symptoms (Gorka et al 2019). Similarly, in functional dyspepsia (Lee et al 2016) and irritable bowel syndrome (Nisticò et al 2022;Yu et al 2022), the insula and amygdala are hyperactive.…”

Section: Functional Gastrointestinal Syndromes In Adolescents With An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Pediatric Patients with Anxiety Disorders and their Relationship to Treatment with Escitalopram or Placebo

Baumel

Mills

Schroeder

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly reported as adverse effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the first-line pharmacologic treatment for pediatric anxiety disorders; however, the temporal course of these symptoms during treatment, although believed to be transient, has never been prospectively evaluated. Additionally, rates of gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal syndromes in anxious youth are poorly understood. We examined gastrointestinal symptoms in youth with anxiety disorders during a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of escitalopram (n = 51). Then, in a separate sample of prospectively treated children and adolescents with generalized, social and/or separation anxiety disorders (n = 56), we examined the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms based on the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms (QPGS) and ROME III criteria and the association of these symptoms with clinical and demographic characteristics using logistic regression. The frequency/severity of abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating constipation or total gastrointestinal symptoms did not differ between patients receiving placebo (n = 25) or escitalopram (n = 26). However, escitalopram-treated youth had transient improvement in nausea/vomiting and total upper gastrointestinal symptoms during the first two weeks of treatment. ROME III criteria for functional gastrointestinal syndromes were present in 12/56 patients (21.4%). QPGS-related functional gastrointestinal syndromes and symptoms were unrelated to treatment, treatment type, or clinical or demographic variables. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in youth with anxiety and SSRIs produce transient—rather than sustained—gastrointestinal symptoms. Assessing gastrointestinal symptoms prior to pharmacotherapy and discussing factors that increase (or decrease) the likelihood of transient SSRI-related symptoms in youth may decrease patient uncertainty related to side effects and decrease medication-related anxiety.

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Functional Neuroimaging in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review Highlights Common Brain Alterations With Functional Movement Disorders

Abstract: published online; they have not yet been assigned to a journal issue. When these articles are published in an issue, they will be removed. Online First articles are copy-edited, typeset and approved by the authors before publication.

Cited by 18 publications

References 86 publications

Genome-wide multi-trait analysis of irritable bowel syndrome and related mental conditions identifies 38 new genetic hits

Genome-wide multi-trait analysis of irritable bowel syndrome and related mental conditions identifies 38 new genetic hits

Effects and Mechanisms of Acupuncture on Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Pediatric Patients with Anxiety Disorders and their Relationship to Treatment with Escitalopram or Placebo

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