Functional Neuroanatomy of the Human Accommodation Response to an “E” Target Varying from -3 to -6 Diopters

Lv, Xiaoli; Chen, Yilei; Tan, Weihan; Yu, Ying; Hong, Zhao; Shao, Yujie; Zan, Songhua; Tao, Jianhua; Wang, Miao

doi:10.3389/fnint.2020.00029

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Accommodation at birth is limited to objects located within a range of 40-50 cm (Horwood and Riddell, 2008), with a possibly parallel ongoing attentional limitation (Downey et al, 2017). At the neural level, accommodation is associated with brain activity in the visual cortex (Mirzajani et al, 2017) and relies on an extended cortico-cerebellar network, including links of the visual cortex with cerebellar hemispheres/vermis and temporal cortex (Richter et al, 2000), as well as with precentral and frontal regions (Lv et al, 2020).…”

Section: Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease

Ionta

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Vision is the main entrance for environmental input to the human brain. Even if vision is our most used sensory modality, its importance is not limited to environmental exploration. Rather it has strong links to motor competences, further extending to cognitive and social aspects of human life. These multifaceted relationships are particularly important in developmental age and become dramatically evident in presence of complex deficits originating from visual aberrancies. The present review summarizes the available neuropsychological evidence on the development of visual competences, with a particular focus on the associated visuo-motor integration skills in health and disease. With the aim of supporting future research and interventional settings, the goal of the present review is to constitute a solid base to help the translation of neuropsychological hypotheses into straightforward empirical investigations and rehabilitation/training protocols. This approach will further increase the impact, ameliorate the acceptance, and ease the use and implementation of lab-derived intervention protocols in real-life situations.

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Section: Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease

Ionta

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…4 The left ACG is an important component of the default mode network and plays an important role in emotion regulation and cognitive function processing. [31][32][33] Lenticular nucleus comprises the PUT and PAL, is located within the basal nuclei in the brain, and is a part of the striatum. Lenticular nucleus plays an important role in maintaining muscle tone and coordinating skeletal muscle movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Brain Network Alterations in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Different Cognitive Function States: A Graph Theory Analysis Study

Li,

Xia,

et al. 2023

J Comput Assist Tomogr

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Objective The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of brain functional network disruption in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with different cognitive function states by using graph theory analysis and to explore their relationship with clinical data and neuropsychiatric scales. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 38 female SLE patients and 44 healthy controls. Based on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, SLE patients were divided into a high MoCA group (MoCA-H; MoCA score, ≥26) and a low MoCA group (MoCA-L; MoCA score, <26). The matrix of resting-state functional brain networks of subjects in the 3 groups was constructed by using the graph theory approach. The topological properties of the functional brain networks, including global and local metrics, in the 3 groups were calculated. The differences in the topological properties of networks between the 3 groups were compared. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between altered topological properties of brain networks and clinical indicators, as well as neuropsychiatric scales in SLE patients in the MoCA-L group. Results At the global level, in the sparsity threshold range of 0.10 to 0.34, the values of small-world properties were greater than 1 in all 3 groups, indicating that functional brain networks of both 3 groups had small-world properties. There were statistically significant differences in the characteristic path length, global, and local efficiency between 3 groups (F = 3.825, P = 0.0260; F = 3.722, P = 0.0285; and F = 3.457, P = 0.0364, respectively). Systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the MoCA-L group showed increased characteristic path length (t = 2.816, P = 0.00651), decreased global (t = −2.729, P = 0.00826), and local efficiency (t = −2.623, P = 0.0109) compared with healthy controls. No statistically significant differences in local metrics were found between the MoCA-H group and the healthy control, MoCA-L groups. At the local level, there was statistically significant difference in the node efficiency among the 3 groups (P < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction). Compared with healthy controls, SLE patients in the MoCA-L group showed decreased node efficiency in left anterior cingulate paracingulate gyrus, bilateral putamen, bilateral pallidum, and left Heschl gyrus. No statistically significant differences in the local metrics were found between the MoCA-H, MoCA-L, and healthy control groups. Correlation analysis in SLE patients in the MoCA-L group showed that the characteristic path length was positively correlated with C4 levels (r = 0.587, P = 0.007), the global and local efficiencies were negatively correlated with C4 levels (r = −0.599, P = 0.005; r = −0.599, P = 0.005, respectively), and the node efficiency in the bilateral putamen was negatively correlated with C4 levels (r = −0.611, P = 0.004; r = −0.570, P = 0.009). The node efficiency in the left pallidum was negatively correlated with disease duration (r = −0.480, P = 0.032). The node efficiency in the left Heschl gyrus was negatively correlated with IgM levels (r = −0.478, P = 0.033). No correlation was noted between other network metrics, clinical indicators, and neuropsychological scales. Conclusions The topological properties of functional brain networks were disrupted in SLE patients with low MoCA scores, suggesting that altered topological properties of the brain networks were associated with cognitive function in SLE patients. Correlation between altered topological properties of the brain networks and clinical indicators was noted in SLE patients with low MoCA scores, suggesting that altered topological properties of brain networks in SLE patients may have clinical significance as imaging markers for monitoring disease changes in patients with SLE.

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“…Based on various neurophysiological and anatomical experiments, the neural network of accommodation is known to be extensive (Richter et al, 2004;Lv et al, 2020;May et al, 2016May et al, & 2019Ciuffreda, 2006;Snell & Lemp, 1998;Ohtsuka et al, 2002;Ohtsuka & Sawa, 1997). The possible pathway is as follows (Fig.…”

Section: Neurological Control and Correlates Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rostral SC projects to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus via the primary shorter route through the pretectum, and also a secondary longer side route through the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (pons), cerebellar cortex, and cerebellar nuclei. Studies have also shown a significant role of the cerebellar vermis, and the cortices surrounding the right superior temporal sulcus and inferior temporal gyrus regions to be actively involved in blur information processing (Richter et al, 2004;Lv et al 2020).…”

Section: Neurological Control and Correlates Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodative and pupillary dysfunctions in concussion/mild traumatic brain injury: A Review

Thiagarajan

Ciuffreda

2022

NRE

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BACKGROUND: Visual dysfunctions are common in individuals following concussion/mild traumatic brain injury (C/mTBI). Many deficits have been uncovered in their oculomotor system, such as in the pupil and accommodation. OBJECTIVE: To describe the static and dynamic abnormalities in the pupillary and accommodative systems in those with C/mTBI. This includes both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, with emphasis on objectively-based test findings, as well as their basic and clinical ramifications. METHODS: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar databases were searched from 1980–2020, using key words of accommodation, pupil, vision therapy, vision rehabilitation, and objective testing, for peer-reviewed papers, as well as related textbooks in the area, in those with C/mTBI. RESULTS: For both systems, most static and dynamic response parameters were abnormal: they were typically reduced, slowed, delayed, and/or more variable. Most of the abnormal accommodative parameters could be significantly improved with vision therapy. CONCLUSIONS: For both systems, most response parameters were abnormal, which could explain their visual symptoms and related problems. For accommodation, the improvements following vision therapy suggest the presence of considerable visual system plasticity, even in older adults with chronic brain injury.

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Functional Neuroanatomy of the Human Accommodation Response to an “E” Target Varying from -3 to -6 Diopters

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease

Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease

Functional Brain Network Alterations in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Different Cognitive Function States: A Graph Theory Analysis Study

Accommodative and pupillary dysfunctions in concussion/mild traumatic brain injury: A Review

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