Functional morphology of the hepatopancreas of Palaemonetes argentinus (Crustacea: Decapoda): influence of environmental pollution

Abstract

Abstract:We analyzed the morphological and functional state of hepatopancreas in Palaemonetes argentinus from two environments with different pesticide concentrations. Los Padres lagoon (Argentina) is an area subjected to contamination due to the slow exchange of water, the shallow depth and the input of contaminated water. Prawns living in this lagoon accumulate high amounts of organochlorine pesticides in their tissues. Hepatopancreas of prawns from Canal 5, an adjacent shallow stream where the amount of pesticides is below toxic levels, and from Los Padres lagoon were processed by standard histological techniques with light microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy. At Los Padres lagoon, we found important tissular alterations, such as intertubular infiltration of haemocytes and connective tissue, epithelial retraction in some tubules, and a folded basal lamina. Important necrotic desquamation, with cariolysis, cariorrexis and lack of cellular details were also observed. Numerous tubules presented an enlarged and irregular lumen with the epithelium atrophied or completely absent. In general, the lesions were particularly located in the medullar region of the organ. At the ultrastructural level, R and F cells were the most damaged. Both cell types had nuclear retraction, chromatin condensation and cytoplasmic lysis. Some R cells also had dilated mitochondria and numerous lysosomes, and the basal cytoplasm was nearly completely lysed. The hepatopancreas of prawns from Canal 5 did not evidence any alterations. The histopathological study of the hepatopancreas is a highly sensitive tool to evaluate the physiological condition of prawns and water quality. Other environmental conditions were similar, so it can be assumed that pollutants were the main cause of organ deterioration. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (Suppl. 1): 79-86. Epub

Aged polyethylene microplastics and glyphosate-based herbicide co-exposure toxicity in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

“…A similar result was reported by Sreeram and Menon (2005) when a pronounced increase in B-cell number was associated with exposure to sublethal concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons in the hepatopancreas of Kadal shrimp (Metapenaeus dobsoni) and related to a detoxification mechanism at a cellular level. An increase in altered R cells of ghost shrimp (Palaemonetes argentinus) exposed to pesticides suggests that R cells may be directly involved in detoxification (Petriella, 2007), although R cells were thought to be only indirectly related to detoxification by providing active energy for this mechanism in response to environmental stress in Macrobrachium borellii Nobili, 1896, and P. argentinus Nobili, 1901 (Collins, 2010).…”

Lethal and sublethal effects of cadmium in the white shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus: A comparison between populations from contaminated and reference sites

“…Its ecological significance for the area has been reported by several authors (Collins, 1999;Rodrigues Capı ´tulo and Freyre, 1995). Many aspects of P. argentinus have been studied: population structure, reproduction, development, molt cycle, natural and artificial feeding, osmoregulation physiology, histology (Rodrigues Capı ´tulo and Freyre, 1995;Nazary et al, 2000;Felix and Petriella, 2003;Collins, 1999;Charmantier and Anger, 1999;Sousa and Petriella, 2007), but there is little information regarding toxicology. Rodrigues Capı ´tulo (1984) studied the effect of anionic detergents on survival and energy metabolism.…”

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“…A similar result was reported by Sreeram and Menon (2005) when a pronounced increase in B-cell number was associated with exposure to sublethal concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons in the hepatopancreas of Kadal shrimp (Metapenaeus dobsoni) and related to a detoxification mechanism at a cellular level. An increase in altered R cells of ghost shrimp (Palaemonetes argentinus) exposed to pesticides suggests that R cells may be directly involved in detoxification (Petriella, 2007), although R cells were thought to be only indirectly related to detoxification by providing active energy for this mechanism in response to environmental stress in Macrobrachium borellii Nobili, 1896, and P. argentinus Nobili, 1901 (Collins, 2010).…”