Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human renal allografts during the post-transplant period: Preliminary observations

Szolar, Dieter; Preidler, Klaus W.; Ebner, Franz; Kammerhuber, F; Horn, Sabine; Ratschek, Manfred; Ranner, G.; Petritsch, P.; Horina, Jórg H.

doi:10.1016/s0730-725x(97)00088-x

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, imaging with contrast agents based on gadolinium-DTPA has been established, and MR technologies have become widely available (14). The market-introduced gadolinium-chelates are non-nephrotoxic, freely filtered by the glomerulus, and not reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules (17). Therefore, they are well suited to assess GFR.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some MRI studies investigating intrarenal perfusion in ARF with currently available contrast agents have demonstrated that the loss of corticomedullary differentiation is a sign of changing differential perfusion to the renal cortex and medulla in ARF (17,19). However, there are conflicting studies, which could not demonstrate an association between ARF and loss of corticomedullary differentiation (15).…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are conflicting studies, which could not demonstrate an association between ARF and loss of corticomedullary differentiation (15). As in native kidneys, MRI may be valuable to distinguish urinary tract obstruction, ARF, vascular complications, and acute allograft rejection after renal transplantation (17). Respective studies have suggested that MRI may lack specificity and thus may be inappropriate to differentiate the etiology of acute allograft dysfunction (16,17,19).…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in native kidneys, MRI may be valuable to distinguish urinary tract obstruction, ARF, vascular complications, and acute allograft rejection after renal transplantation (17). Respective studies have suggested that MRI may lack specificity and thus may be inappropriate to differentiate the etiology of acute allograft dysfunction (16,17,19). However, these studies did not use contrast agents or current MRI technology enabling high image resolution.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Newly Developed Techniques to Study and Diagnose Acute Renal Failure

Dagher¹,

Herget–Rosenthal

Ruehm

et al. 2003

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Abstract. Progress in treating human acute renal failure (ARF) is dependent on developing techniques that allow for the rapid diagnosis, quantification of injury, further understanding of the pathophysiology, and the effects of therapy. Therefore, four techniques that will facilitate this progress are described and illustrated by four different investigative teams. Techniques to measure rapid changes in GFR are available for rapid diagnosis and quantification of ARF in humans. State-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presently allows for enhanced resolution of regional renal blood flow and functional evaluations in patients. Furthermore, new probes and techniques for MRI that allow for identification and quantitation of inflammation, applicable to human ARF, are being developed and tested in animal models. Finally, two-photon microscopy will allow for four-dimensional cellular and subcellular studies in animal models of ARF providing rapid insights into pathophysiology and the therapeutic effects of a variety of promising agents. Further development and utilization of these techniques, especially in concert with genetic, proteomic, and molecular approaches, will allow for needed insights into the pathophysiology and therapy in human ARF.Advances in human ARF therapy have been limited to prevention and dialytic support. Interpatient and disease process heterogeneity, as well as a limited number of patients, are barriers to successful interventional therapeutic studies over which there is limited control. However, other relative barriers such as risk factor assessment, early diagnosis and initiation of therapy, and quantitation of ARF severity are now within the reach of clinicians. Quantitation of ARF severity, and the ability to effectively evaluate the response to early therapeutic approaches, are of paramount importance if success is to be achieved. Development of rapid diagnostic tests to allow for randomization of patients on the basis of GFR and ARF severity index is necessary for accurate randomization of patients for therapeutic studies. This, in turn, will minimize interpatient variability and allow for smaller, less expensive, and more reliable studies. To this end, the following four approaches are presented in a very concise format. We have specifically progressed from more clinically applicable techniques to studies aimed at understanding pathophysiologic and therapeutic concepts. Also, many complimentary and powerful investigative techniques have not been discussed. These include the use of "knock out" and "knock in" animal models, genomic and proteomic approaches, and molecular techniques such as silencing RNA and antisense approaches. In combination, these approaches will allow for extremely rapid progress in human ARF diagnosis and therapy.

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Human Acute Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Newly Developed Techniques to Study and Diagnose Acute Renal Failure

Dagher¹,

Herget–Rosenthal

Ruehm

et al. 2003

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…299 When applying MRI to study renal transplant patients with clinical graft dysfunction it was found that the time profile of Gd(DTPA)-induced cortical signal enhancement allowed a correct differentiation between patients suffering from acute allograft rejection from those with acute tubular necrosis in 96% of cases. 300 Berg et al 301 also showed in kidney transplantation patients that the gadodiamide clearance can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. MR functional renography has been applied to animal studies as well.…”

Section: Functional Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%