Functional imaging of the hemodynamic sensory gating response in schizophrenia

Mayer, Andrew R.; Ruhl, David A.; Merideth, Flannery; Ling, Josef M.; Hanlon, Faith M.; Bustillo, Juan; Cañive, José M.

doi:10.1002/hbm.22065

Cited by 90 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The ensemble achieves 76% accuracy. Interestingly, no significant class difference is reported in Mayer et al [25] for sensory gating task (same data) while shapelet ensemble achieves a significant accuracy.…”

Section: A Sensory Gating Task For Functional Mri (Fmri)mentioning

confidence: 62%

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Shapelet Ensemble for Multi-dimensional Time Series

Çetın¹,

Mueen²,

Calhoun

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining

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Time series shapelets are small subsequences that maximally differentiate classes of time series. Since the inception of shapelets, researchers have used shapelets for various data domains including anthropology and health care, and in the process suggested many efficient techniques for shapelet discovery. However, multi-dimensional time series data poses unique challenges to shapelet discovery that are yet to be solved.We show that an ensemble of shapelet-based decision trees on individual dimensions works better than shapelets defined over multiple dimensions. Generating a shapelet ensemble for multidimensional time series is computationally expensive. Most of the existing techniques prune shapelet candidates for speed. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for shapelet discovery that evaluates remaining candidates efficiently. Our algorithm uses a multi-length approximate index for time series data to efficiently find the nearest neighbors of the candidate shapelets. We employ a simple skipping technique for additional candidate pruning and a voting based technique to improve accuracy while retaining interpretability. Not only do we find a significant speed increase, our techniques enable us to efficiently discover shapelets on datasets with multi-dimensional and long time series such as hours of brain activity recordings. We demonstrate our approach on a biomedical dataset and find significant differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

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Section: A Sensory Gating Task For Functional Mri (Fmri)mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The task represented cognitive paradigm that was analyzed separately in [25]. The original study hypothesizes that the SP would have deficits at multiple levels including pre-attentive sensory processing, integration of sensory information across modalities and impaired working memory performance.…”

Section: A Sensory Gating Task For Functional Mri (Fmri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shapelet Ensemble for Multi-dimensional Time Series

Çetın¹,

Mueen²,

Calhoun

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining

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“…The tasks represented cognitive paradigms that were analyzed separately (Mayer AR et al, 2012; Stone DB et al, 2011). Each task represented a different cognitive demand: resting state, pre-attentional sensory processing and multisensory processing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamus and posterior temporal lobe show greater inter-network connectivity at rest and across sensory paradigms in schizophrenia

et al. 2014

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Although a number of recent studies have examined functional connectivity at rest, few have assessed differences between connectivity both during rest and across active task paradigms. Therefore, the question of whether cortical connectivity patterns remain stable or change with task engagement continues to be unaddressed. We collected multi-scan fMRI data on healthy controls (N = 53) and schizophrenia patients (N = 42) during rest and across paradigms arranged hierarchically by sensory load. We measured functional network connectivity among 45 non-artifactual distinct brain networks. Then, we applied a novel analysis to assess cross paradigm connectivity patterns applied to healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. To detect these patterns, we fit a group by task full factorial ANOVA model to the group average functional network connectivity values. Our approach identified both stable (static effects) and state-based differences (dynamic effects) in brain connectivity providing a better understanding of how individuals’ reactions to simple sensory stimuli are conditioned by the context within which they are presented. Our findings suggest that not all group differences observed during rest are detectable in other cognitive states. In addition, the stable differences of heightened connectivity between multiple brain areas with thalamus across tasks underscore the importance of the thalamus as a gateway to sensory input and provide new insight into schizophrenia.

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“…Rodent models of P50 gating emphasize the response in the hippocampus, but sources for human P50 have been found in the superior temporal gyrus and cortical rhythms are altered during the sensory gating paradigm, with a decrease in beta electroencephalographic waves (13). Deficits in the response to repeated sounds have also been localized to the hippocampus and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex by both dipole analysis and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (14, 15). …”

Section: Auditory Dysfunction In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Processing Dysfunction in the Personal Experience and Neuronal Machinery of Schizophrenia

Javitt

Freedman

2015

AJP

339

279

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Sensory processing deficits, first investigated by Kraeplin and Bleuler as possible pathophysiological mechanisms in schizophrenia, are now being re-characterized in the context of modern understanding of the involved molecular and neurobiological brain mechanisms. The National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria position these deficits as intermediaries between molecular and cellular mechanisms and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations. The pre-pulse inhibition of startle responses by a weaker preceding tone, the inhibitory gating of response to paired sensory stimuli characterized using the auditory P50 evoked response, and the detection of slightly different stimuli that elicits the cortical Mismatch Negativity potential demonstrate deficits in early sensory processing mechanisms, whose molecular and neurobiological bases are increasingly well understood. Deficits in sensory processing underlie more complex cognitive dysfunction and, vice versa, are affected by higher-level cognitive difficulties. These deficits are now being used to identify genes involved in familial transmission of the illness and to monitor potentially therapeutic drug effects for both treatment and prevention. This research also provides a clinical reminder that patients’ sensory perception of the surrounding world, even during treatment sessions, may differ considerable from others’ perceptions. A person’s ability to understand and interact effectively with surrounding world ultimately depends upon an underlying sensory experience of it.

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Functional imaging of the hemodynamic sensory gating response in schizophrenia

Cited by 90 publications

References 50 publications

Shapelet Ensemble for Multi-dimensional Time Series

Shapelet Ensemble for Multi-dimensional Time Series

Thalamus and posterior temporal lobe show greater inter-network connectivity at rest and across sensory paradigms in schizophrenia

Sensory Processing Dysfunction in the Personal Experience and Neuronal Machinery of Schizophrenia

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