Functional hydrogels with a multicatalytic activity for bioremediation: Single‐step preparation and characterization

Spizzirri, Umile Gianfranco; Curcio, Manuela; Cirillo, Giuseppe; Picci, Nevio; Nicoletta, Fiore Pasquale; Iemma, Francesca

doi:10.1002/app.43338

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This behavior has been observed in ceramic materials such as bricks and glasses [ 89 ]. This behavior is somewhat counterintuitive as we expected that highly crosslinked hydrogels exhibited the highest resistance to rupture [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formulation and Characterization of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for the Encapsulation of Kluyveromyces lactis—Applications in Packed-Bed Reactors and Probiotics Delivery in Humans

Patarroyo¹,

Florez-Rojas²,

Pradilla³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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One of the main issues when orally administering microorganism-based probiotics is the significant loss of bioactivity as they pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To overcome these issues, here, we propose to encapsulate the probiotic yeast Kluyveromyces lactis on chemically crosslinked gelatin hydrogels as a means to protect the bioactive agents in different environments. Hydrogels were prepared by the chemical crosslinking of gelatin, which is commercially available and inexpensive. This is crucial to ensure scalability and cost-effectiveness. To explore changes in key physicochemical parameters and their impact on cell viability, we varied the concentration of the crosslinking agent (glutaraldehyde) and the gelatin. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized in terms of morphological, physical-chemical, mechanical, thermal and rheological properties. This comprehensive characterization allowed us to identify critical parameters to facilitate encapsulation and enhance cell survival. Mainly due to pore size in the range of 5–10 μm, sufficient rigidity (breaking forces of about 1 N), low brittleness and structural stability under swelling and relatively high shear conditions, we selected hydrogels with a high concentration of gelatin (7.5% (w/v)) and concentrations of the crosslinking agent of 3.0% and 5.0% (w/w) for cell encapsulation. Yeasts were encapsulated with an efficiency of about 10% and subsequently tested in bioreactor operation and GI tract simulated media, thereby leading to cell viability levels that approached 95% and 50%, respectively. After testing, the hydrogels’ firmness was only reduced to half of the initial value and maintained resistance to shear even under extreme pH conditions. The mechanisms underlying the observed mechanical response will require further investigation. These encouraging results, added to the superior structural stability after the treatments, indicate that the proposed encapsulates are suitable to overcome most of the major issues of oral administration of probiotics and open the possibility to explore additional biotech applications further.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protection provided by hydrogels to encapsulated microorganisms has been crucial for applications in bioremediation and metabolite production [ 31 , 32 ]. This has been the case due to their incorporation as packing materials into highly efficient bioreaction systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Characterization of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for the Encapsulation of Kluyveromyces lactis—Applications in Packed-Bed Reactors and Probiotics Delivery in Humans

Patarroyo¹,

Florez-Rojas²,

Pradilla³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…The protection provided by hydrogels to encapsulated microorganisms has been crucial for applications in bioremediation and metabolite production [9,10]. This has been the case due to their incorporation as packing materials into highly efficient bioreaction systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and characterization of gelatin-based hydrogels for the encapsulation of <em>Kluyveromyces lactis</em> and chitosan nanoparticles: biotech and biomedical applications

Reyes

Patarroyo

Cruz

2020

Proceedings of 2nd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials

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A difficulty when orally administering microorganism-based probiotics is the significant loss of their bioactivity as they pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To overcome these issues, we propose to encapsulate the probiotic yeast Kluyveromyces lactis on chemically crosslinked gelatin hydrogels to protect the bioactive agents in different environments. Moreover, a challenge to obtain favorable results with therapeutic drugs and biomolecules is the inefficient cellular administration process. For this reason, we considered chitosan and gelatin nanoparticle loading systems to improve therapeutic efficacy. Also, we prepared hydrogels to encapsulate such nanoparticles by the chemical crosslinking of gelatin, an inexpensive and commercially available polymer. To explore changes in key physicochemical parameters and their impact on cell viability, we varied the concentration of the crosslinking agent (glutaraldehyde) and the gelatin. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized in morphological, physical-chemical, mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties. This comprehensive characterization allowed us to identify critical parameters to facilitate encapsulation and enhance system performance. Mainly due to pore size in the range of 5-10 µ m, sufficient rigidity (breaking forces of about 1 N), low brittleness and structural stability under swelling and relatively high shear conditions, we selected hydrogels with a high concentration of gelatin (7.5% (w/v)) and concentrations of the crosslinking agent of 3.0% and 5.0% (w/w) for cell and nanoparticles encapsulation. Yeasts and nanoparticles were encapsulated and subsequently tested in bioreactor operation and GI tract simulated media, thereby leading to cell viability levels that approached 95% and 50%, respectively. After testing, the hydrogels' firmness was only reduced to half of the initial value and maintained resistance to shear even under extreme pH conditions. These encouraging results indicate that the proposed encapsulates are suitable for overcoming most of the major issues of oral administration of drugs and probiotics and open the possibility to further explore additional biotech applications.

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“…They operate under mild conditions, achieve higher product purity and avoid the use of toxic solvents, nevertheless, the real applicability is often hindered by some limitations including a lack of long‐term stability, difficulties in recovery and recycling, and protein contamination in the final product. To overcome these drawbacks, enzyme immobilization is incoming as a valuable strategy to facilitate an efficient recovery and reuse, allowing the repeated or continuous use in a variety of reactors, such as packed bed, fluidized bed, flow‐through microreactor, and membrane …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Conjugates by Immobilized Laccase: The Green Synthesis of Dextran‐Catechin

Vittorio

Cojoc

Curcio

et al. 2016

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Dextran-catechin conjugate with high functionalization degree is synthesized by using a fully green process based on the chemistry of laccase immobilized on hydrogel film. By UV-induced radical polymerization, the enzyme is immobilized into acrylate hydrogel film resulting in a highly performing biocatalyst (residual catalytic activity of 60% upon immobilization).1 H-NMR studies of dextran-catechin conjugate allow the elucidation of the reaction mechanism and the assessment of the functionalization degree (128 mg of catechin per gram of conjugate). Cell viability studies performed in neuroblastoma cells clearly prove the anticancer potential of the conjugate (IC 50 value of 17.03 μg mL −1 ) while being well tolerated by nonmalignant cells. The efficiency of this conjugate is found to be similar to dextran-catechin, previously prepared by free radical reaction. This novel green approach of synthesis for dextran-catechin opens new perspectives for the environmentally sustainable development of novel natural derived drugs to treat neuroblastoma and other cancers.

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Functional hydrogels with a multicatalytic activity for bioremediation: Single‐step preparation and characterization

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Formulation and Characterization of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for the Encapsulation of Kluyveromyces lactis—Applications in Packed-Bed Reactors and Probiotics Delivery in Humans

Formulation and Characterization of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for the Encapsulation of Kluyveromyces lactis—Applications in Packed-Bed Reactors and Probiotics Delivery in Humans

Formulation and characterization of gelatin-based hydrogels for the encapsulation of <em>Kluyveromyces lactis</em> and chitosan nanoparticles: biotech and biomedical applications

Polyphenol Conjugates by Immobilized Laccase: The Green Synthesis of Dextran‐Catechin

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