Functional group dominance and identity effects influence the magnitude of grassland invasion

Longo, Grisel; Seidler, Tristram G.; Garibaldi, Lucas A.; Tognetti, Pedro M.; Chaneton, Enrique J.

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12128

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Furthermore, some removal experiments indicate that natural communities are rather resilient to diversity loss (Smith and Knapp , Longo et al. ), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of functional diversity loss on ecosystem functions are influenced by compensation

Pan

Tian

Naeem

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Abstract.Understanding the impacts of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning and services has been a central issue in ecology. Experiments in synthetic communities suggest that biodiversity loss may erode a set of ecosystem functions, but studies in natural communities indicate that the effects of biodiversity loss are usually weak and that multiple functions can be sustained by relatively few species. Yet, the mechanisms by which natural ecosystems are able to maintain multiple functions in the face of diversity loss remain poorly understood. With a long-term and large-scale removal experiment in the Inner Mongolian grassland, here we showed that losses of plant functional groups (PFGs) can reduce multiple ecosystem functions, including biomass production, soil NO 3 -N use, net ecosystem carbon exchange, gross ecosystem productivity, and ecosystem respiration, but the magnitudes of these effects depended largely on which PFGs were removed. Removing the two dominant PFGs (perennial rhizomatous grasses and perennial bunchgrasses) simultaneously resulted in dramatic declines in all examined functions, but such declines were circumvented when either dominant PFG was present. We identify the major mechanism for this as a compensation effect by which each dominant PFG can mitigate the losses of others. This study provides evidence that compensation ensuing from PFG losses can mitigate their negative consequence, and thus natural communities may be more resilient to biodiversity loss than currently thought if the remaining PFGs have strong compensation capabilities. On the other hand, ecosystems without well-developed compensatory functional diversity may be much more vulnerable to biodiversity loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore the loss of dominant species or PFGs may have stronger ecosystem impacts than the loss of rare ones, resulting in different patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) under different diversity‐loss scenarios (Longo et al. , Winfree et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of functional diversity loss on ecosystem functions are influenced by compensation

Pan

Tian

Naeem

et al. 2016

Ecology

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“…Competitive hierarchies have been shown to occur within functional groups (Turnbull, Coomes, Hector, & Rees, ; Turnbull et al, ; Wedin & Tilman, ), contrary to the within‐group equivalence predicted by limiting similarity (Hubbell, ). Accordingly, specific trait values—not necessarily similar to those of the target invader—such as high specific root length (Daneshgar & Jose, ; Funk & Wolf, ), large size or height (Byun & Lee, ), high growth rate (Symstad, ), or early access to limiting resources (Longo et al, ) have been linked to increased invasion resistance (Drenovsky & James, ). Moreover, competition can be intense between functionally distant species (e.g.…”

Section: Applications Of Limiting Similarity Involve Oversimplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using limiting similarity to enhance invasion resistance: Theoretical and practical concerns

Hess

Buisson

Jaunatre

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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The control of invasive species is a central topic of both applied and theoretical research. Understanding how and which ecological theories can be used to improve invasion resistance of plant communities is essential, to design effective control strategies. The theory of limiting similarity, stating that coexistence between species is more limited by competitive exclusion when species share niche properties, is often considered by applied ecologists as a possible approach to limiting plant invasions at the local scale. The complexity of measuring ecological niche overlap between species as well as the difficulty of disentangling niche from fitness processes currently limit the demonstration and application of this theory. Limiting similarity appears to operate at a time‐scale that is too long for efficient impact on invasive species' early establishment. It may also be ineffective against invasions in the long term, due to environmental changes and community instability. Finally, limiting similarity is not applicable to the most common situations, where there are multiple co‐occurring invasive species or no prior identification of potential invasives. Synthesis and applications. Whether the theory of limiting similarity, predicting competitive exclusion when species display niche similarities, can be successfully applied to limit plant invasions—or not—is an important issue for practitioners facing invasive species. In practice, using limiting similarity to design invasion‐resistant plant communities appears to be complex, ineffective and unsuitable for most common situations.

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“…• Avoidance of vegetation gaps, dense vegetation cover, respectively (Pergl et al 2007) or presence of the same functional group as invader in the endangered plant community (Longo et al 2013, Wang et al 2013, Mwangi et al 2007, Kahmen et al 2005, Pokorny et al 2005), • General increase of diversity in endangered plant communities (Henry et al 2009, Pfisterer et al 2004, van Ruijven et al 2003, Kennedy et al 2002, Moore et al 2001, Naeem et al 2000, • Low grade of human disturbance of the 'natural' ecosystem 'degree of hemeroby' (Mwangi et al 2007, Machado 2004, Steinhardt et al 1999, Jalas 1955.…”

Section: Current Control and Management Of H Mantegazzianummentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost-benefit analysis of controlling giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) in Germany using a choice experiment approach

Rajmis¹,

Thiele²,

Marggraf³

2016

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Since first of January 2015, the EU-regulation 1143/2014 obligates all member states to conduct costbenefit analyses in preparation of control programs for invasive alien species to minimize and mitigate their impacts. In addition, with ratification of the Rio Declaration and the amended Federal Nature Conservation Act, Germany is committed to control any further spread of invasive species. This is the first cost-benefit analysis estimating positive welfare effects and societal importance of H. mantagezzianum invasion control in Germany. The paper analyses possible control options limiting stands of giant hogweeds (H. mantegazzianum) based on survey data of n = 287 German districts. We differentiate between several control options (e.g. root destruction, mechanical cutting or mowing, chemical treatment and grazing) depending on infested area size and protection status. The calculation of benefits is based on stated preference results (choice experiment; n = 282). For the cost side, we calculate two different invasion scenarios (i) no re-infestation after successfully conducted control measures (optimistic) and (ii) re-infestation twice after conducting control measures occurring within ten years (pessimistic). Minimum costs of eradication measures including a time span of ten years and a social discount rate of 1% result in a total of 3,467,640 € for optimistic scenario and 6,254,932 € for pessimistic invasion scenario, where no success of the first eradication attempt is assumed. Benefits of invasion control in Germany result in a total of 238,063,641 € per year and overassessment-factor corrected in 59,515,910 € per year.

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Functional group dominance and identity effects influence the magnitude of grassland invasion

Cited by 41 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of functional diversity loss on ecosystem functions are influenced by compensation

Effects of functional diversity loss on ecosystem functions are influenced by compensation

Using limiting similarity to enhance invasion resistance: Theoretical and practical concerns

A cost-benefit analysis of controlling giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) in Germany using a choice experiment approach

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