Functional genomics and signaling events in mycorrhizal symbiosis

Abstract

The symbiotic association between plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is an evolutionary conserved association that resulted from co-evolutionary events where both partners benefit from each other. Different plant genes, hormones, and miRNAs regulate this symbiotic association at different levels. Of those, the most important signaling molecules that play critical roles in symbiotic association are plant-derived strigolactones and fungal-derived lipochitooligosaccharides. These molecules regulate the symbiotic association at the initial stage of symbiosis. Subsequent signaling events of these two molecules activate downstream signaling cascades to develop a proper symbiotic relationship between plants and fungi.

Genetics of mycorrhizal symbiosis in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

“…In recent years, a growing number of genes involved in different stages of mycorrhizal colonization were identified (reviewed in Mohanta & Bae, ). These are genes involved in early signaling or recognition, the CSSP, the symbiotic event, nutrient uptake and exchange or hormonal regulation of symbiosis (reviewed in Mohanta & Bae, ). In our study, no conserved symbiotic genes were detected.…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote coexistence and niche divergence of sympatric palm species on a remote oceanic island

“…(). To do so, genes listed in Mohanta & Bae () as being involved in plant–AMF interactions were identified in Dunning et al . 's data, and their measures of expression and sequence differentiation were examined between Howea species.…”

“…We examined the expression and sequence divergence of AMFrelated genes in Howea using transcriptome data from Dunning et al (2016). To do so, genes listed in Mohanta & Bae (2015) as being involved in plant-AMF interactions were identified in Dunning et al's data, and their measures of expression and sequence differentiation were examined between Howea species.…”

“…The same was found for the ammonium transporter AMT2 (F ST = 1). These genes may have a role in AM differences (Mohanta & Bae, 2015).…”

Identification and expression analysis of the arbuscular mycorrhiza-inducible Rieske non-heme oxygenase Ptc52 gene from tomato

“…Extensive signalling events, cellular remodelling and metabolic alterations occur in plant roots to accommodate the fungal endosymbiont (MacLean et al, 2017). Numerous microarray analyses have demonstrated that root colonization by AM fungi regulates transcriptional changes in the host plant, and mycorrhizal-induced plant genes at prior, early and late stages of mycorrhization have been identified (Mohanta and Bae 2015). Defence genes, involved in the control and regulation of AM symbiosis, are particularly important (García-Garrido et al, 2010;López-Ráez et al, 2010).…”