Functional Electrostimulation of Muscles as a Method for Restoring Motor Functions

Витензон, А. С.; Mironov, E. M; Petrushanskaya, K. A.

doi:10.1007/s11055-005-0114-1

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a widely recognised technique able to restore motor functions (Hoshimiya et al, 1989;Vitenzon et al, 2005), and to help in the rehabilitation of people suffering from motor impairments (Bajd et al, 1989;Granat et al, 1993). Recently, FES effectiveness in reducing pathological tremor has been successfully demonstrated (Prochazka et al, 1992;Rocon et al, 2010;Zhang and Ang, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-step model to optimise transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the human upper arm

Goffredo

Schmid

Conforto

et al. 2014

COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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Purpose - A novel model of the upper arm under transcutaneous electrical stimulation with multi-pad electrodes is presented and experimentally validated. The model aims at simulating and analysing the effects of surface electrical stimulation on biceps brachii. The paper aims to discuss these issues. \ud \ud Design/methodology/approach - Both the passive properties of tissues surrounding nerve bundles and the active characteristics of the nervous system are included. The output of the proposed model is nerve recruitment and muscle contraction. \ud \ud Findings - Simulations and experimental tests on six healthy young adults have been conducted and results show that the proposed model gives information on electrically elicited muscle contraction in accordance with in-vivo tests and literature on motor unit recruitment order. Tests with different electrodes configurations show that the spatial distribution of active electrodes is a critical factor in electrically elicited muscle contractions, and that multi-pad electrodes can optimise the stimulation effectiveness and patient comfort with sequences of biphasic pulses of 350 mu s at 30 pulses/s and threshold values of 2 mA. \ud \ud Originality/value - Results encourage the use of the proposed model of the upper arm as a valid and viable solution for predicting the behaviour of the neuromuscular system when surface electrical stimulation is applied, thus optimising the design of neuroprosthetics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-step model to optimise transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the human upper arm

Goffredo

Schmid

Conforto

et al. 2014

COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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“…To date most human studies examining activity-based interventions to promote recovery of function have focused on a singular modality, mainly body weight-supported gait training 7,8 or functional electrical stimulation. 9,10 A few studies have looked at combining the two. 11,12 We are not aware of any studies of human subjects with chronic SCI that have examined the effects of an exercise program that combines multiple therapeutic modalities; this is the focus of the current study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intense exercise in chronic spinal cord injury

2008

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Background: Exercise has beneficial effects on muscle and motor function after spinal cord injury (SCI). Little is known regarding effects of prolonged intense exercise (IE) in humans with chronic SCI. Design: Prospective, non-randomized, controlled observational study. The intervention was either a multimodal IE program (n ¼ 21) or a control (CTL) intervention consisting of self-regulated exercise (n ¼ 8).Objective: Measure sensorimotor function over 6 months in relation to an IE program. Setting: Single outpatient center. Subjects: Subjects with chronic SCI (n ¼ 29 total), mainly ASIA Impairment Scale A and B, injury levels C4-T11. Results: Baseline neurological assessments (for example, ASIA motor score, 39±3 vs 42±5, IE vs CTL, P40.5, mean ± s.e.m.) did not differ between the two groups. During the 6 months, IE subjects averaged 7.3±0.7 h per week exercise, not significantly different from CTL subjects (5.2±1.3 h per week, P40.1). However, after 6 months, IE subjects showed significantly greater motor gains than CTL subjects in the main outcome measure, ASIA motor score (change of 4.8 ± 1.0 vs À0.1 ± 0.5 points, P ¼ 0.0001). The main outcome measure was calculated by ASIA motor score. These IE subject ASIA motor gains correlated with number of exercise hours per week (r ¼ 0.53, Po0.02), and with type of specific IE components, particularly load bearing. Conclusions: Multimodal IE can significantly improve motor function in subjects with chronic SCI. An organized program may provide greater motor benefits than a self-regulated program; load bearing might be of particular value. IE might have therapeutic value in chronic SCI, and as an adjunct to other restorative therapies.

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“…For instance, functional electrical stimulation has been used to stimulate motor fibers in nerves or the muscle itself to control disabled body functions (34). This approach could eventually be controlled through a nervous system interface, returning function to people who have been paralyzed by a spinal cord injury.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%