Functional ecology and evolution of hominoid molar enamel thickness: Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii and Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii

Vogel, Erin R.; Woerden, Janneke T. van; Lucas, Peter W.; Utami, Sri; Schaik, Carel P. van; Dominy, Nathaniel J.

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.005

Cited by 195 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…It has also been suggested that terrestrial herbaceous vegetation, which is often considered a calorie-rich fallback food for African apes, but that features little in orangutan diet, may be more abundant in Africa than in Southeast Asia, which may help African apes to buffer periods of low fruit availability (Knott 2005). Other evidence also supports the contention that orangutans experience greater food stress than African apes, including less cohesive social groups (Harrison and Chivers 2007); thicker molar enamel for feeding on hard foods, e.g., bark, important in times of food stress (Andrews 1996;de Bonis and Koufos 1993;Vogel et al 2008); and higher incidence of linear enamel hypoplasia, an indicator of physiological stress, in orangutans (Hannibal and Guatelli-Steinberg 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Orangutan Energetics and the Influence of Fruit Availability in the Nonmasting Peat-swamp Forest of Sabangau, Indonesian Borneo

2010

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Data on energy intake and the effects of fluctuations in fruit availability on energy intake for African apes, and orangutans in mast-fruiting habitats, indicate that orangutans may face greater energetic challenges than do their African counterparts. Comparable data on orangutans in nonmasting forests, which experience lower fluctuations in fruit availability, have been lacking, however, complicating interpretations. We conducted a 46-mo study of orangutan energetics in the nonmasting Sabangau peat-swamp forest, Indonesian Borneo. Sabangau orangutans experienced periods of negative energy balance apparently even longer than in mastfruiting habitats, as indicated by comparisons of observed energy intake with theoretical requirements and analysis of urinary ketones. Daily energy intake was positively related to fruit availability in flanged males, but not in adult females or unflanged males. This may represent different foraging strategies between age-sex classes and suggests that fruit availability is not always an accurate indicator of ape energy intake/balance. Urinary ketone levels were not generally related to fruit availability, daily energy intake, day range, or party size. This is probably due to low energy intake, and consequently high ketone production, throughout much of the study period. Comparisons with published results on African apes support the hypothesis that orangutans are unique among hominoids in regularly experiencing prolonged periods of negative energy balance. This has important effects on orangutan behavior and socioecology, and has likely been a key factor driving the evolutionary divergence of orangutans and African apes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Orangutan Energetics and the Influence of Fruit Availability in the Nonmasting Peat-swamp Forest of Sabangau, Indonesian Borneo

2010

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“…By contrast, observations on wild orangutans were made systematically in the Natural Laboratory of Peat Swamp Forest, Sabangau, Central Kalimantan (Indonesia). Orangutans were habituated to observer presence and their feeding behaviour recorded from July 2005 to June 2007 using standard behavioural methods [20,21]. Discarded remains of M. parviflora seeds consumed by orangutans were collected from beneath feeding trees and photographed at the field site.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Sabangau, Central Kalimantan, adult orangutans spent a mean 13.3 -18.2% of their total monthly feeding time consuming these seeds [21], which are the hardest item they are known to consume [20]. Observations of orangutan feeding suggest two mechanisms for large animal predation, i.e.…”

Section: Analysis Of Large Animal Predationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary optimization of material properties of a tropical seed

Lucas

Gaskins

Lowrey

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Here, we show how the mechanical properties of a thick-shelled tropical seed are adapted to permit them to germinate while preventing their predation. The seed has evolved a complex heterogeneous microstructure resulting in hardness, stiffness and fracture toughness values that place the structure at the intersection of these competing selective constraints. Analyses of different damage mechanisms inflicted by beetles, squirrels and orangutans illustrate that cellular shapes and orientations ensure damage resistance to predation forces imposed across a broad range of length scales. This resistance is shown to be around the upper limit that allows cracking the shell via internal turgor pressure (i.e. germination). Thus, the seed appears to strike an exquisitely delicate adaptive balance between multiple selection pressures.

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“…Martin for measurement procedure and standardization (Martin, 1985), the bi-three-dimensional assessment of tooth enamel thickness has become routine in taxonomic and adaptive/evolutionary studies of fossil and extant primates (e.g., Alba et al, 2013;Kono, 2004;Kono et al, 2014;Macchiarelli et al, 2004Macchiarelli et al, , 2009Macchiarelli et al, , 2013Olejniczak et al, 2008aOlejniczak et al, , 2008bOlejniczak et al, , 2008cOlejniczak et al, , 2008dPan et al, 2016;Skinner et al, 2015;Smith et al, 2003Smith et al, , 2005Smith et al, , 2011Smith et al, , 2012Suwa et al, 2009;Zanolli et al, 2015Zanolli et al, , 2016a. Commonly used to infer durophagy and considered as a proxy of the dietary niches exploited by extinct species (e.g., Constantino et al, 2011Constantino et al, , 2012Lucas et al, 2008;Martin et al, 2003;Schwartz, 2000a;Teaford, 2007;Teaford and Ungar, 2015;Vogel et al, 2008), occlusal enamel thickness is seen as intimately related to dietary abrasiveness and selectively responsive to lifetime dental wear resistance (Pampush et al, 2013;Rabenold and Pearson, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In primates, enamel thickness variation stems from an evolutionary interplay between functional/adaptive constraints (ecology) and strict control mechanisms of the morphogenetic program (Horvath et al, 2014;Kelley and Swanson, 2008;Kono, 2004;Simmer et al, 2010;Smith et al, 2012;Vogel et al, 2008). It appears to respond relatively quickly in evolutionary time to dietary/ecological changes (Grine and Daegling, 2017;Hlusko et al, 2004;Le Luyer and Bayle, 2017), thus being prone to homoplasy (Smith et al, 2012;rev.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the deciduous/permanent molar enamel thickness ratio a taxon-specific indicator in extant and extinct hominids?

Zanolli

Bayle

Bondioli

et al. 2017

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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Handled by Roberto Macchiarelli and Clément ZanoliiKeywords: Enamel Dm2 M1 "Diphyodontic index" Hominids abstract In Primates, enamel thickness variation stems from an evolutionary interplay between functional/adaptive constraints (ecology) and the strict control mechanisms of the morphogenetic program. Most studies on primate enamel thickness have primarily considered the permanent teeth, while the extent of covariation in tooth enamel thickness distribution between deciduous and permanent counterparts remains poorly investigated. In this test study on nine extant and fossil hominids we investigated the degree of covariation in enamel proportions between 25 pairs of mandibular dm2 and M1 by a so-called "lateral enamel thickness diphyodontic index". The results did not provide an unambiguous picture, but rather suggest complex patterns likely resulting from the influence of many interactive factors. Future research should test the congruence of the "diphyodontic signal" between the anterior and the postcanine dentition, as well as between enamel and the enamel-dentine junction topography.

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Functional ecology and evolution of hominoid molar enamel thickness: Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii and Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii

Cited by 195 publications

References 101 publications

Orangutan Energetics and the Influence of Fruit Availability in the Nonmasting Peat-swamp Forest of Sabangau, Indonesian Borneo

Orangutan Energetics and the Influence of Fruit Availability in the Nonmasting Peat-swamp Forest of Sabangau, Indonesian Borneo

Evolutionary optimization of material properties of a tropical seed

Is the deciduous/permanent molar enamel thickness ratio a taxon-specific indicator in extant and extinct hominids?

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