Functional conservation of RNA polymerase II in fission and budding yeasts

Shpakovski, George V.; Gadal, Olivier; Labarre-Mariotte, Sylvie; Лебеденко, Е. Н.; Miklós, Ida; Sakurai, Hiroaki; Proshkin, Sergey; Mullem, Vincent Van; Ishihama, Akira; Thuriaux, Pierre

doi:10.1006/jmbi.1999.3399

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The enzyme is composed of 12 subunits, Rpb1 to Rpb12, similar to what has been described for the budding yeast S. cerevisiae and mammalian cells (2,3). Biochemical analysis of the enzyme has revealed the presence of several distinct subcomplexes and has proved important in the analysis of the recently published x-ray crystallography structure of S. cerevisiae pol II (4,5).…”

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confidence: 64%

Mediator Influences Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA Polymerase II-dependent Transcription in Vitro

Spåhr

Khorosjutina

Baraznenok

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has proved an important model system for cross-species comparative studies of many fundamental processes in the eukaryotic cell, such as cell cycle control and DNA replication. The RNA polymerase II transcription machinery is, however, still relatively poorly understood in S. pombe, partially due to the absence of a reconstituted in vitro transcription system. We have now purified S. pombe RNA polymerase II and its general initiation factors TFIIB, TFIIF, TFIIE, and TFIIH to near homogeneity. These factors enable RNA polymerase II to initiate transcription from the S. pombe alcohol dehydrogenase promoter (adh1p) when combined with Saccharomyces cerevisiae TATA-binding protein. We use our reconstituted system to examine effects of Mediator on basal transcription in vitro. S. pombe Mediator exists in two distinct forms, a free form, which contains the spSrb8, spTrap240, spSrb10, and spSrb11 subunits, and a smaller form, which lacks these four subunits and associates with RNA polymerase II to form a holoenzyme. We find that spSrb8/spTrap240/spSrb10/spSrb11 containing Mediator repress basal transcription, whereas Mediator lacking these subunits has a stimulatory effect on transcription. Our findings thus demonstrate that the spSrb8/spTrap240/spSrb10/spSrb11 subcomplex governs the ability of Mediator to stimulate or repress basal transcription in vitro.

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confidence: 64%

Mediator Influences Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA Polymerase II-dependent Transcription in Vitro

Spåhr

Khorosjutina

Baraznenok

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…But in two recent genomewide analyses, no DM incompatibility pairs of speciation genes could be found between the S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus nuclear genomes (68,93). Note that the limited role of DM incompatibility in yeast hybrids explains ancient results showing that proteins can be replaced by their orthologs from distinct yeast species in large macromolecular complexes, such as the ribosome (1) or the RNA polymerase I or II complex (169,181,194,195).…”

Section: Viability Of Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Role of Interspecies Hybridization and Genetic Exchanges in Yeasts

Morales

Dujon

2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

153

161

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SUMMARYForced interspecific hybridization has been used in yeasts for many years to study speciation or to construct artificial strains with novel fermentative and metabolic properties. Recent genome analyses indicate that natural hybrids are also generated spontaneously between yeasts belonging to distinct species, creating lineages with novel phenotypes, varied genetic stability, or altered virulence in the case of pathogens. Large segmental introgressions from evolutionarily distant species are also visible in some yeast genomes, suggesting that interspecific genetic exchanges occur during evolution. The origin of this phenomenon remains unclear, but it is likely based on weak prezygotic barriers, limited Dobzhansky-Muller (DM) incompatibilities, and rapid clonal expansions. Newly formed interspecies hybrids suffer rapid changes in the genetic contribution of each parent, including chromosome loss or aneuploidy, translocations, and loss of heterozygosity, that, except in a few recently studied cases, remain to be characterized more precisely at the genomic level by use of modern technologies. We review here known cases of natural or artificially formed interspecies hybrids between yeasts and discuss their potential importance in terms of genome evolution. Problems of meiotic fertility, ploidy constraint, gene and gene product compatibility, and nucleomitochondrial interactions are discussed and placed in the context of other known mechanisms of yeast genome evolution as a model for eukaryotes.

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“…Five of the subunits are common to the three enzymes and two others are shared by RNA polymerases I and III, thus providing a potential target for common regulatory controls (references 3, 5, and 42 and references therein). These common subunits are structurally conserved among eukaryotes, and the corresponding polypeptides are interchangeable in vivo between budding yeast (S. cerevisiae), fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), and humans (20,27,28,29). Yeast is also the only eukaryote from which temperature-sensitive mutants are available for each of the the three transcription enzymes (12,22,40).…”

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Cross Talk between tRNA and rRNA Synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Briand

Navarro

Gadal

et al. 2001

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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Temperature-sensitive RNA polymerase III (rpc160-112 and rpc160-270) mutants were analyzed for the synthesis of tRNAs and rRNAs in vivo, using a double-isotopic-labeling technique in which cells are pulselabeled with [ 33 P]orthophosphate and coextracted with [ 3 H]uracil-labeled wild-type cells. Individual RNA species were monitored by Northern blot hybridization or amplified by reverse transcription. These mutants impaired the synthesis of RNA polymerase III transcripts with little or no influence on mRNA synthesis but also largely turned off the formation of the 25S, 18S, and 5.8S mature rRNA species derived from the common 35S transcript produced by RNA polymerase I. In the rpc160-270 mutant, this parallel inhibition of tRNA and rRNA synthesis also occurred at the permissive temperature (25°C) and correlated with an accumulation of 20S pre-rRNA. In the rpc160-112 mutant, inhibition of rRNA synthesis and the accumulation of 20S pre-rRNA were found only at 37°C. The steady-state rRNA/tRNA ratio of these mutants reflected their tRNA and rRNA synthesis pattern: the rpc160-112 mutant had the threefold shortage in tRNA expected from its preferential defect in tRNA synthesis at 25°C, whereas rpc160-270 cells completely adjusted their rRNA/tRNA ratio down to a wild-type level, consistent with the tight coupling of tRNA and rRNA synthesis in vivo. Finally, an RNA polymerase I (rpa190-2) mutant grown at the permissive temperature had an enhanced level of pre-tRNA, suggesting the existence of a physiological coupling between rRNA synthesis and pre-tRNA processing.The existence of three nuclear transcription systems is documented for all eukaryotes investigated so far. RNA polymerase I synthesizes the three largest rRNAs, RNA polymerase II produces mRNAs and many noncoding RNAs, and RNA polymerase III makes tRNAs and 5S rRNA, as well as a few small noncoding RNAs. Exceptions to this transcriptional specialization are rare and mostly concern noncoding RNA species that can be produced by either RNA polymerase II or III, depending on the phylum considered (reference 39 and references therein). Given its universality, the triplication of the transcriptional apparatus must provide a major selective advantage to the eukaryotic cell, probably by facilitating the separate control of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA synthesis in response to changes in the environment or in the cell growth rate. On the other hand, RNA polymerases I and III deliver matching amounts of tRNAs and rRNAs to the protein synthesis machinery and may thus need to operate in a closely coordinated way (references 21, 38, and 39 and references therein). In fact, the extent to which the three nuclear RNA polymerases are coordinated relative to each other remains largely undetermined, although this is presumably a key aspect of the transcriptional regulation of growth.Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is a particularly convenient model organism to study transcription and its regulation. Its three nuclear RNA polymerases are biochemically and genetically well characterized ...

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Functional conservation of RNA polymerase II in fission and budding yeasts

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Mediator Influences Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA Polymerase II-dependent Transcription in Vitro

Mediator Influences Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA Polymerase II-dependent Transcription in Vitro

Evolutionary Role of Interspecies Hybridization and Genetic Exchanges in Yeasts

Cross Talk between tRNA and rRNA Synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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