Functional connectome of brainstem nuclei involved in autonomic, limbic, pain and sensory processing in living humans from 7 Tesla resting state fMRI

Singh, Kavita; Stauder, Matthew; García‐Gomar, María Guadalupe; Vanello, Nicola; Passino, Claudio; Staab, Jeffrey P.; Indovina, Iole; Bianciardi, Marta

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118925

Cited by 33 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the networks sub-serving this integration are unclear. Retrograde tracing studies in rats have shown that the IC of the auditory midbrain receives dense descending projections not only from the auditory cortex, but also from the visual, somatosensory, sensory, motor, and prefrontal cortices ( Bajo and King, 2013 ; Olthof et al, 2019 ; Cauzzo et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, consequences of hearing loss on executive functions and brain regions subserving executive function, such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC), have been suggested ( Galloway et al, 2008 ; Ball et al, 2011 ; Kronenberger et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Kral et al, 2016 ; Marschark et al, 2017 ). In this context, also the inferior colliculus (IC) of the auditory pathway is interesting, since this region is highly interconnected with sensory, motor, and cognitive networks ( Gruters and Groh, 2012 ; Melo-Thomas and Thomas, 2015 ; Olthof et al, 2019 ; Cauzzo et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing of auditory information in forebrain regions after hearing loss in adulthood: Behavioral and electrophysiological studies in a rat model

et al. 2022

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BackgroundHearing loss was proposed as a factor affecting development of cognitive impairment in elderly. Deficits cannot be explained primarily by dysfunctional neuronal networks within the central auditory system. We here tested the impact of hearing loss in adult rats on motor, social, and cognitive function. Furthermore, potential changes in the neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the inferior colliculus (IC) were evaluated.Materials and methodsIn adult male Sprague Dawley rats hearing loss was induced under general anesthesia with intracochlear injection of neomycin. Sham-operated and naive rats served as controls. Postsurgical acoustically evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR)-measurements verified hearing loss after intracochlear neomycin-injection, respectively, intact hearing in sham-operated and naive controls. In intervals of 8 weeks and up to 12 months after surgery rats were tested for locomotor activity (open field) and coordination (Rotarod), for social interaction and preference, and for learning and memory (4-arms baited 8-arms radial maze test). In a final setting, electrophysiological recordings were performed in the mPFC and the IC.ResultsLocomotor activity did not differ between deaf and control rats, whereas motor coordination on the Rotarod was disturbed in deaf rats (P < 0.05). Learning the concept of the radial maze test was initially disturbed in deaf rats (P < 0.05), whereas retesting every 8 weeks did not show long-term memory deficits. Social interaction and preference was also not affected by hearing loss. Final electrophysiological recordings in anesthetized rats revealed reduced firing rates, enhanced irregular firing, and reduced oscillatory theta band activity (4–8 Hz) in the mPFC of deaf rats as compared to controls (P < 0.05). In the IC, reduced oscillatory theta (4–8 Hz) and gamma (30–100 Hz) band activity was found in deaf rats (P < 0.05).ConclusionMinor and transient behavioral deficits do not confirm direct impact of long-term hearing loss on cognitive function in rats. However, the altered neuronal activities in the mPFC and IC after hearing loss indicate effects on neuronal networks in and outside the central auditory system with potential consequences on cognitive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of auditory information in forebrain regions after hearing loss in adulthood: Behavioral and electrophysiological studies in a rat model

et al. 2022

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“…The involvement of TDP-43 in the complex reticular formation in MMC residents must be pursued further, given the complexity of the brainstem reticular nuclei and their connections with supra- and infra-cortical structures involving major integration and relay centers coordinating survival functions and key connections between the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the spinal cord [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 ]. We are particularly concerned about the associations between reticular brainstem-impaired connectivity and isolated sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) [ 88 ], one of the earliest manifestations of α synucleinopathies, which is present in MMC young adults [ 46 ], as well as the higher risk of falls [ 90 , 94 ] in young MMC adults [ 69 , 97 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TDP-43 CSF Concentrations Increase Exponentially with Age in Metropolitan Mexico City Young Urbanites Highly Exposed to PM2.5 and Ultrafine Particles and Historically Showing Alzheimer and Parkinson’s Hallmarks. Brain TDP-43 Pathology in MMC Residents Is Associated with High Cisternal CSF TDP-43 Concentrations

Calderón‐Garcidueñas

Stommel

Lachmann³

et al. 2022

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Environmental exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ultrafine particle matter (UFPM) are associated with overlapping Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) hallmark protein pathologies in young Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) urbanites. We measured CSF concentrations of TDP-43 in 194 urban residents, including 92 MMC children aged 10.2 ± 4.7 y exposed to PM2.5 levels above the USEPA annual standard and to high UFPM and 26 low pollution controls (11.5 ± 4.4 y); 43 MMC adults (42.3 ± 15.9 y) and 14 low pollution adult controls (33.1 ± 12.0 y); and 19 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients (52.4 ± 14.1 y). TDP-43 neuropathology and cisternal CSF data from 20 subjects—15 MMC (41.1 ± 18.9 y) and 5 low pollution controls (46 ± 16.01 y)—were included. CSF TDP-43 exponentially increased with age (p < 0.0001) and it was higher for MMC residents. TDP-43 cisternal CSF levels of 572 ± 208 pg/mL in 6/15 MMC autopsy cases forecasted TDP-43 in the olfactory bulb, medulla and pons, reticular formation and motor nuclei neurons. A 16 y old with TDP-43 cisternal levels of 1030 pg/mL exhibited TDP-43 pathology and all 15 MMC autopsy cases exhibited AD and PD hallmarks. Overlapping TDP-43, AD and PD pathologies start in childhood in urbanites with high exposures to PM2.5 and UFPM. Early, sustained exposures to PM air pollution represent a high risk for developing brains and MMC UFPM emissions sources ought to be clearly identified, regulated, monitored and controlled. Prevention of deadly neurologic diseases associated with air pollution ought to be a public health priority and preventive medicine is key.

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“…Unlike in the cortical and subcortical regions, brainstem fMRI networks have only recently been identified (Cauzzo et al, 2022). Using an approach different to most other investigators of resting state functional connectivity studies, abnormal amplitude increases in low frequency oscillations (or LFOs, 0.198-0.073 Hz) were demonstrated in thalamocortical networks of migraine patients in the interictal (between acute headaches) phase compared to controls.…”

Section: Functional Mri Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediating Intractable Headache: An Effective Nonpharmacological Approach Employing Infralow Frequency Neuromodulation

Legarda¹,

Michas-Martin²,

McDermott³

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Functional connectome of brainstem nuclei involved in autonomic, limbic, pain and sensory processing in living humans from 7 Tesla resting state fMRI

Cited by 33 publications

References 132 publications

Processing of auditory information in forebrain regions after hearing loss in adulthood: Behavioral and electrophysiological studies in a rat model

Processing of auditory information in forebrain regions after hearing loss in adulthood: Behavioral and electrophysiological studies in a rat model

Remediating Intractable Headache: An Effective Nonpharmacological Approach Employing Infralow Frequency Neuromodulation

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