Functional Connectivity Is Altered in Concussed Adolescent Athletes Despite Medical Clearance to Return to Play: A Preliminary Report

Newsome, Mary R.; Li, Xiaoqi; Lin, Xiaodi; Wilde, Elisabeth A.; Ott, Summer D.; Biekman, Brian; Hunter, Jill V.; Dash, Pramod K.; Taylor, Brian; Levin, Harvey S.

doi:10.3389/fneur.2016.00116

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Increased FC in cortical areas implicated in the DMN has been previously reported in other conditions such as early stages of MS, Clinically Isolated Syndrome and mild traumatic brain injury, which share with FD a diffuse, although mild, involvement of WM (Hawellek, Hipp, Lewis, Corbetta, & Engel, ; Newsome et al, ; Roosendaal et al, ; Sharp et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Default mode network modifications in Fabry disease: A resting‐state fMRI study with structural correlations

Cocozza

Pontillo

Quarantelli

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Default Mode Network (DMN) modifications in Fabry Disease (FD), and their possible correlations with structural alterations and neuropsychological scores. Thirty-two FD patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of classical FD (12 males, mean age 43.3 ± 12.2) were enrolled, along with 35 healthy controls (HC) of comparable age and sex (14 males, mean age 42.1 ± 14.5). Resting-State fMRI data were analyzed using a seed-based approach, with six different seeds sampling the main hubs of the DMN. Structural modifications were assessed by means of Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) and Tract-Based Spatial Statistics analyses. Between-group differences and correlations with neuropsychological variables were probed voxelwise over the whole brain. Possible correlations between FC modifications and global measures of microstructural alteration were also tested in FD patients with a partial correlation analysis. In the FD group, clusters of increased functional connectivity involving both supratentorial and infratentorial regions emerged, partially correlated to the widespread white matter (WM) damage found in these patients. No gray matter volume differences were found at VBM between the two groups. The connectivity between right inferior frontal gyrus and precuneus was significantly correlated with the Corsi block-tapping test results (p = .0001). Widespread DMN changes are present in FD patients that correlate with WM alterations and cognitive performance. Our results confirm the current view of a cerebral involvement in FD patients not simply associated to major cerebrovascular events, but also related to significant and diffuse microstructural and functional changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Default mode network modifications in Fabry disease: A resting‐state fMRI study with structural correlations

Cocozza

Pontillo

Quarantelli

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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“…They propose that this response reflects the brain's attempt to re-establish communication between networks through the recruitment of "detour pathways" using less established routes to bypass prior, now damaged, connections. While a growing number of studies demonstrate hyperconnectivity following concussion (Borich et al, 2015;Newsome et al, 2016;Manning et al, 2017), these studies tend to focus on increases in the density of connections. To date there is no study explicitly demonstrating the formation of re-routing patterns via an effective connectivity analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, we noted: a) alterations within the default mode network; b) increased connectivity in the right frontal pole in the executive function network; and c) increased connectivity in the left frontal operculum cortex associated with the ventral attention network (Borich et al, 2015). Newsome et al (2016) found that asymptomatic adolescent athletes demonstrated increased connectivity (relative to a cohort of high school athletes with orthopedic injuries) between the posterior cingulate cortex and the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, as well as between the right lateral parietal cortex and the lateral temporal cortex. More recently, Manning et al (2017) reported significant increases in resting state connectivity in the visual and cerebellar networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Disrupted information flow in resting-state in adolescents with sports related concussion

Hristopulos

Babul

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Children and youth are at a greater risk of concussions than adults, and once injured, take longer to recover. A key feature of concussion is a diffuse increase in functional connectivity; yet it remains unclear how changes in functional connectivity relate to the patterns of information flow within resting state networks following concussion and how these relate to brain function. We applied a data-driven measure of directed effective brain connectivity to compare the patterns of information flow in healthy adolescents and adolescents with subacute concussion during the resting state condition. Data from 32 healthy adolescents (mean age =16 years) and 24 concussed adolescents (mean age = 13.8 years) with subacute concussion (< 3 months post injury) took part in the study. Five minutes of resting state data EEG were collected while participants sat quietly with their eyes closed. We applied the Kleeman-Liang information flow rate to measure the transfer of information between the EEG time series of each individual at different source locations, and therefore between different brain regions. Based on the ensemble means of the magnitude of normalized information flow rate, our analysis shows that information flow in the healthy adolescents is characterized by a predominantly (L) lateralized pattern with bidirectional information flow between frontal regions, between frontal and central/temporal regions and between parietal and occipital regions. In contrast, adolescents with concussion show distinct differences in information flow marked by a more symmetrical pattern with connections evenly distributed across the entire brain, increased information flow in the posterior regions of the brain and the emergence of bidirectional, inter-hemispheric connections between the left and right temporal regions of the brain. We also find that the statistical distribution of the normalized information flow rates in each group (control and concussed) is significantly different. Our results are the first to describe altered patterns of information flow in adolescents with concussion as well as differences in the statistical distribution of information flow rate. We hypothesize that the 1 Hristopulos et al. Disrupted information flow in concussed adolescentsobserved changes in information flow in the concussed group are a consequence of the brain injury and indicate functional reorganization of resting state networks.

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“…Specifically, we noted: (a) alterations within the default mode network; (b) increased connectivity in the right frontal pole in the executive function network; and (c) increased functional connectivity in the left frontal operculum cortex associated with the ventral attention network (Borich et al, 2015). Newsome et al (2016) found that asymptomatic adolescent athletes demonstrated increased connectivity (relative to a cohort of high school athletes with orthopedic injuries) between the posterior cingulate cortex and the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, as well as between the right lateral parietal cortex and the lateral temporal cortex. More recently, Manning et al (2017) reported significant increases in resting state connectivity in the visual and cerebellar networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Hyperconnectivity As a Feature Of Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted Information Flow in Resting-State in Adolescents With Sports Related Concussion

Hristopulos

Babul

et al. 2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Children and youths are at a greater risk of concussions than adults, and once injured, take longer to recover. A key feature of concussion is an increase in functional connectivity, yet it remains unclear how changes in functional connectivity relate to the patterns of information flow within resting state networks following concussion and how these relate to brain function. We applied a data-driven measure of directed effective brain connectivity to compare the patterns of information flow in healthy adolescents and adolescents with subacute concussion during the resting state condition. Data from 32 healthy adolescents (mean age =16 years) and 21 concussed adolescents (mean age = 15 years) within 1 week of injury were included in the study. Five minutes of resting state data EEG were collected while participants sat quietly with their eyes closed. We applied the information flow rate to measure the transfer of information between the EEG time series of each individual at different source locations, and therefore between different brain regions. Based on the ensemble means of the magnitude of normalized information flow rate, our analysis shows that the dominant nexus of information flow in healthy adolescents is primarily left lateralized and anterior-centric, characterized by strong bidirectional information exchange between the frontal regions, and between the frontal and the central/temporal regions. In contrast, adolescents with concussion show distinct differences in information flow marked by a more left-right symmetrical, albeit still primarily anterior-centric, pattern of connections, diminished activity along the central-parietal midline axis, and the emergence of inter-hemispheric connections between the left and right frontal and the left and right temporal regions of the brain. We also find that the statistical distribution of the normalized information flow rates in each group (control and concussed) is significantly different. This paper is the first to describe the characteristics of the source space information flow and the effective connectivity patterns between brain regions in healthy adolescents in juxtaposition with the altered spatial pattern of information flow in adolescents with concussion, statistically Hristopulos et al. Disrupted Information Flow in Concussed Adolescentsquantifying the differences in the distribution of the information flow rate between the two populations. We hypothesize that the observed changes in information flow in the concussed group indicate functional reorganization of resting state networks in response to brain injury.

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Functional Connectivity Is Altered in Concussed Adolescent Athletes Despite Medical Clearance to Return to Play: A Preliminary Report

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Default mode network modifications in Fabry disease: A resting‐state fMRI study with structural correlations

Default mode network modifications in Fabry disease: A resting‐state fMRI study with structural correlations

Disrupted information flow in resting-state in adolescents with sports related concussion

Disrupted Information Flow in Resting-State in Adolescents With Sports Related Concussion

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