Functional Connectivity Bias in the Prefrontal Cortex of Psychopaths

Contreras‐Rodríguez, Oren; Pujol, Jesús; Batalla, Iolanda; Harrison, Ben J; Soriano‐Mas, Carles; Deus, Joan; López‐Solà, Marina; Macià, Dídac; Pera, Vanessa; Hernández‐Ribas, Rosa; Pifarré, Josep; Menchón, José M.; Cardoner, Narcı́s

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.03.007

Cited by 97 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Although this functional connectivity result is novel, a number of previous studies have linked psychopathy with dACC dysfunction (Kiehl et al, 2001;Müller et al, 2003;Birbaumer et al, 2005;Koenigs, 2012;Ly et al, 2012;Meffert et al, 2013;ContrerasRodríguez et al, 2014;Cope et al, 2014). For example, task-based fMRI studies have associated psychopathy with decreased dACC activity across a variety of affective paradigms (Kiehl et al, 2001;Müller et al, 2003;Birbaumer et al, 2005;Meffert et al, 2013;Cope et al, 2014). Furthermore, two resting-state fMRI studies have reported diminished dACC-insula connectivity in psychopathy (Ly et al, 2012;Contreras-Rodríguez et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…For example, task-based fMRI studies have associated psychopathy with decreased dACC activity across a variety of affective paradigms (Kiehl et al, 2001;Müller et al, 2003;Birbaumer et al, 2005;Meffert et al, 2013;Cope et al, 2014). Furthermore, two resting-state fMRI studies have reported diminished dACC-insula connectivity in psychopathy (Ly et al, 2012;Contreras-Rodríguez et al, 2014). Although the functional significance of decreased parietal-dACC connectivity in psychopathy is unknown, some theories suggest the interaction between these regions, as portions of the FPN and CON or as part of the unitary frontoparietal control system, could be important for integrating salient emotional and cognitive information to facilitate goal-directed action (Vincent et al, 2008; Menon, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess functional connectivity for three main cortical networks of interest [default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), and cingulo-opercular (CON)], we selected a priori seed regions of interest (ROIs) that have been identified from previous studies (Andrews-Hanna et al, 2007;Dosenbach et al, 2007; Table 2). To determine the specificity of our findings to these cortical networks, we also selected two frequently used primary sensory comparison networks [visual (VN) and auditory (AN); Andrews-Hanna et al, 2007;Boveroux et al, 2010].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factor 1 can be further subdivided into Facet 1 (interpersonal traits) and Facet 2 (affective traits), whereas Factor 2 can be further subdivided into Facet 3 (lifestyle traits) and Facet 4 (antisocial traits; Hare and Neumann, 2005). Although several previous neuroimaging studies have identified neural correlates of individual psychopathy factors and/or facets (Yang et al, 2005(Yang et al, , 2009de Oliveira-Souza et al, 2008;Ermer et al, 2012;Contreras-Rodríguez et al, 2014), none of these studies have examined resting-state functional connectivity across such a broad range of psychopathy severity. In summary, this study uses resting-state fMRI in a large sample of adult prison inmates to identify novel neural correlates of psychopathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Cortical Networks in Psychopathy

Philippi¹,

Pujara²,

Motzkin³

et al. 2015

J. Neurosci.

103

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Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by callous antisocial behavior and criminal recidivism. Here we examine whether psychopathy is associated with alterations in functional connectivity in three large-scale cortical networks. Using fMRI in 142 adult male prison inmates, we computed resting-state functional connectivity using seeds from the default mode network, frontoparietal network, and cingulo-opercular network. To determine the specificity of our findings to these cortical networks, we also calculated functional connectivity using seeds from two comparison primary sensory networks: visual and auditory networks. Regression analyses related network connectivity to overall psychopathy scores and to subscores for the "factors" and "facets" of psychopathy: Factor 1, interpersonal/affective traits; Factor 2, lifestyle/antisocial traits; Facet 1, interpersonal; Facet 2, affective; Facet 3, lifestyle; Facet 4, antisocial. Overall psychopathy severity was associated with reduced functional connectivity between lateral parietal cortex and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. The two factor scores exhibited contrasting relationships with functional connectivity: Factor 1 scores were associated with reduced functional connectivity in the three cortical networks, whereas Factor 2 scores were associated with heightened connectivity in the same networks. This dissociation was evident particularly in the functional connectivity between anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. The facet scores also demonstrated distinct patterns of connectivity. We found no associations between psychopathy scores and functional connectivity within visual or auditory networks. These findings provide novel evidence on the neural correlates of psychopathy and suggest that connectivity between cortical association hubs, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, may be a neurobiological marker of the disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Cortical Networks in Psychopathy

Philippi¹,

Pujara²,

Motzkin³

et al. 2015

J. Neurosci.

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Within these theories, the amygdala is generally hyporesponsive to negative affective stimuli and lacks optimal functional interactions with paralimbic neurocircuits, leading to deficient affective reactivity (particularly to fear), biased attention modulation, and poor associative learning [Anderson and Kiehl, 2012; Blair, 2013a; Blair, 2015]. Very few studies, though, have actually investigated amygdala functional networks in relation to psychopathy, yielding conflicting results of both enhanced and diminished network integrity [Aghajani et al, 2016; Contreras‐Rodriguez et al, 2015; Decety et al, 2013a; Finger et al, 2012; Marsh et al, 2011; Motzkin et al, 2011; Yoder et al, 2015]. Most of these studies additionally examined psychopathy as a categorical or unidimensional construct, overlooking its behaviorally and neuronally separable trait assemblies [Carre et al, 2013; Cohn et al, 2014, 2015; Philippi et al, 2015; Sadeh and Verona, 2008; Seara‐Cardoso and Viding, 2014].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

Aghajani

Colins

Klapwijk

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Psychopathy is a serious psychiatric phenomenon characterized by a pathological constellation of affective (e.g., callous, unemotional), interpersonal (e.g., manipulative, egocentric), and behavioral (e.g., impulsive, irresponsible) personality traits. Though amygdala subregional defects are suggested in psychopathy, the functionality and connectivity of different amygdala subnuclei is typically disregarded in neurocircuit‐level analyses of psychopathic personality. Hence, little is known of how amygdala subregional networks may contribute to psychopathy and its underlying trait assemblies in severely antisocial people. We addressed this important issue by uniquely examining the intrinsic functional connectivity of basolateral (BLA) and centromedial (CMA) amygdala networks in relation to affective, interpersonal, and behavioral traits of psychopathy, in conduct‐disordered juveniles with a history of serious delinquency (N = 50, mean age = 16.83 ± 1.32). As predicted, amygdalar connectivity profiles exhibited dissociable relations with different traits of psychopathy. Interpersonal psychopathic traits not only related to increased connectivity of BLA and CMA with a corticostriatal network formation accommodating reward processing, but also predicted stronger CMA connectivity with a network of cortical midline structures supporting sociocognitive processes. In contrast, affective psychopathic traits related to diminished CMA connectivity with a frontolimbic network serving salience processing and affective responding. Finally, behavioral psychopathic traits related to heightened BLA connectivity with a frontoparietal cluster implicated in regulatory executive functioning. We suggest that these trait‐specific shifts in amygdalar connectivity could be particularly relevant to the psychopathic phenotype, as they may fuel a self‐centered, emotionally cold, and behaviorally disinhibited profile. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4017–4033, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Neuroimaging Perspectives in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies

Müller¹

The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law

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Functional Connectivity Bias in the Prefrontal Cortex of Psychopaths

Cited by 97 publications

References 65 publications

Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Cortical Networks in Psychopathy

Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Cortical Networks in Psychopathy

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

Neuroimaging Perspectives in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies

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