“…To overcome this shortcoming, several kinase-specifi c phosphorylation sites prediction methods have been developed. Most of the available methods are based on phosphopeptide sequence conservation and different classifi cation methods (e.g., Position-Specifi c Scoring Matrix, Hidden Markov Model, Support Vector Machine), such as ScanSite [ 71 , 72 ], PPSP [ 73 ], PHOSITE [ 74 ], rBBFNN [ 68 ], PredPhospho [ 75 ], NETPHOSK [ 76 , 77 ], GPS [ 78 -80 ], KinasePhos [ 81 , 82 ], AutoMotif [ 83 ], GANNPhos [ 84 ], IEPP [ 85 ], SMALI [ 86 ], SiteSeek [ 87 ], Musite [ 88 ], PAAS [ 89 ], BAE [ 90 ], PostMod [ 91 ], PKIS [ 92 ] , pkaPA [ 93 ], and others [ 94 ].…”