Functional Characterization of Porcine NK-Lysin: A Novel Immunomodulator That Regulates Intestinal Inflammatory Response

Lin, Qian; Fu, Qingqing; Chen, Shuai; Yu, Bing; Luo, Yuheng; Huang, Zhiqing; Zheng, Ping; Mao, Xiangbing; Yu, Jie; Luo, Junqiu; Yan, Hui; He, Jun

doi:10.3390/molecules26144242

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Han et al found that defensin pBD2 could increase the gene expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in mouse colon, and relieve the colon inflammation induced by DSS in mice (Han et al, 2015). Lin et al found that E.coli K88 lead to a decrease in the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 in IPEC-J2 cells, and the antimicrobial peptide orcine NK-Lysine (PNKL) could significantly increase the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 (Lin et al, 2021). The above results suggest that MPX can increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The function of antimicrobial peptide MPX on the apoptosis and barrier of IPEC-J2 cells

Zhao

2021

SMLNUVMB

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The porcine intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 cells, which were isolated from neonatal piglet mid-jejunum, the main components of the intestinal epithelium and play an important role in the intestine. Escherichia coli is an important cause of diarrhea in human and animal. E.coli infections are the leading cause of travelers' diarrhea and a major cause of diarrhea in developing nations, where it can be life-threatening among children. The aim of this study is to explore MPX against E. coli to inhibit IPEC-J2 cells apoptosis and enhance cell barrier. In this study, scanning electron microscopy results found that E. coli infection caused cell apoptosis and destroyed cell membranes of IPEC-J2 cell. MPX effectively alleviated apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells. The laser confocal results further found that MPX prevented cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation. In addition, it was found that MPX regulated the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 in IPEC-J2 cells and is closely related to Rac1 by adding a Rac1 inhibitor. The results of adhesion and invasion experiments further found that MPX inhibited bacterial adhesion and invasion through Rac1. The above results indicated that MPX has better function in inhibiting IPEC-J2 cells apoptosis and enhancing cell barrier.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The function of antimicrobial peptide MPX on the apoptosis and barrier of IPEC-J2 cells

Zhao

2021

SMLNUVMB

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“…Morroni G et al found that the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 has good antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant E. coli, and MIC and sub-MIC concentrations of LL-37 were able to reduce E. coli bio lm formation [21]. Vergis J et al found that the antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) has good antibacterial and antibio lm activity against multidrug-resistant enteroaggregative E. coli, and lactoferricin (17-30) signi cantly reduced the formation of E. coli bio lms [22]. Mishra BE et al found that the antimicrobial peptide WW298 could effectively inhibit MRSA attachment and disrupt its preformed bio lms more effectively than daptomycin [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Han et al found that defensin pBD2 could increase the gene expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in the mouse colon and relieve the colon in ammation induced by DSS in mice [29]. Lin et al found that E. coli K88 led to a decrease in the expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1 in IPEC-J2 cells, and the antimicrobial peptide porcine NK-Lysine (PNKL) signi cantly increased the expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1 [30]. The above results suggest that MPX can increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier.…”

Section: Mpx Inhibits E Coli Bio Lm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptide Mastoparan X has good activity against Escherichia coli in vitro and alleviates its pathogenicity in mice

Zhao

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobic bacterium that exists in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and can cause diarrhoea and enteritis. The antimicrobial peptide MPX is extracted from wasp venom and has a strong bactericidal effect on many bacteria. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism by whichMPX kills E. coli in vitro, its effect on IPEC-J2 cells apoptosis and barrier function, and itstherapeutic effect on E. coli infection in mice. Methods: In this study, the effects of MPX on E. coli were investigated in vitro, at cellular level and in vivo. Results: The results showedthat the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MPX against E. coli was 31.25 µg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the bacteria became smaller in size and the contents leaked after treatment with MPX. In addition, theNPN, PI and DiSC3(5) results showed that the fluorescence intensity was positively correlated with MPX. MPX significantly inhibited E. coli biofilm formation. Moreover, MPX effectively alleviated IPEC-J2 cell apoptosis, regulated ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 through theRac1 pathway. H&E staining results further found that MPX could alleviate the pathological damage in intestine. qRT–PCR results showed that MPX could increase the mRNA expression of TFF3 in the jejunum and colon. Conclusions: This study is the first time to explore the mechanism by which MPX kills E. coli in vitro, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections.

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“…It was observed that PNKL led to a decrease in the expressions of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, NF-κB, TNF-α, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 in the E. coli K88-challenged cells. These properties offer PNKL to be a substitute for some antibiotics [ 42 ]. AMP production using (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) CRISPR technology was tried out in Bombyx mori cells; CRISPR/Cas9 could successfully induce site-specific mutation of the cactus gene that could produce AMPs through gene editing [ 56 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Ampsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promoting Autoimmune Disorders

Biswas

Sarojini

Jayaram

et al. 2023

Life

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AMPs are small oligopeptides acting as integral elements of the innate immune system and are of tremendous potential in the medical field owing to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. They offer a multitude of immunomodulatory properties such as immune cell differentiation, inflammatory responses, cytokine production, and chemoattraction. Aberrancy in neutrophil or epithelial cell-producing AMPs leads to inflammation culminating in various autoimmune responses. In this review, we have tried to explore the role of prominent mammalian AMPs—defensins and cathelicidins, as immune regulators with special emphasis on their role in neutrophil extracellular traps which promotes autoimmune disorders. When complexed with self-DNA or self-RNA, AMPs act as autoantigens which activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells and myeloid dendritic cells leading to the production of interferons and cytokines. These trigger a series of self-directed inflammatory reactions, leading to the emergence of diverse autoimmune disorders. Since AMPs show both anti- and pro-inflammatory abilities in different ADs, there is a dire need for a complete understanding of their role before developing AMP-based therapy for autoimmune disorders.

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Functional Characterization of Porcine NK-Lysin: A Novel Immunomodulator That Regulates Intestinal Inflammatory Response

Cited by 11 publications

References 70 publications

The function of antimicrobial peptide MPX on the apoptosis and barrier of IPEC-J2 cells

The function of antimicrobial peptide MPX on the apoptosis and barrier of IPEC-J2 cells

Antimicrobial peptide Mastoparan X has good activity against Escherichia coli in vitro and alleviates its pathogenicity in mice

Understanding the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promoting Autoimmune Disorders

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