Functional Changes of the Genitourinary and Gastrointestinal Systems before and after the Treatment of Endometrial Cancer—A Systematic Review

Abstract

The incidence of endometrial cancer (EC), which coexists with such civilization diseases as diabetes, obesity or hypertension, is constantly increasing. Treatment includes surgery as well as brachytherapy, teletherapy, rarely chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Due to the good results of the treatment, the occurrence of side effects of therapy becomes a problem for the patients. One of the large groups of side effects includes the pelvic organ prolapse, urinary and fecal incontinence. The aim of this study was to present current knowledge on the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women treated for EC. A literature review was conducted in the PubMED and WoS databases, including articles on pelvic floor dysfunction in women with EC. PRISMA principles were followed in the research methodology. A total of 1361 publications were retrieved. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 papers were eligible for the review. Mostly retrospective studies based on different questionnaires were evaluated. No prospective studies were found in which, in addition to subjective assessment, clinical examination and objective assessment of urinary incontinence were used. Studies show a significant increase in the incidence of pelvic floor disorders, including urinary incontinence, after various forms of EC treatment. We believe that assessment of complications after endometrial cancer treatment is clinically relevant. The review emphasizes the importance of programming prospective studies to prevent and address these disorders at each stage of oncologic treatment.

Mitochondrial protein LETM1 and its-mediated CTMP are potential therapeutic targets for endometrial cancer

“…Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy in females along with rising incidence worldwide [1]. Until now, surgical resection is still the primary therapeutic strategy for endometrial cancer, and diverse adjuvant therapeutic strategies have been developed, such as external beam pelvic radiotherapy, vaginal brachytherapy, chemotherapy and hormonotherapy [2,3]. Although the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer at an early stage is relative good (about 95%, 5-year survival rate), the prognosis of those at an advanced stage (about 68%, 5-year survival rate of) or with distant metastasis (about 17%, 5-year survival rate) remains poor [4].…”