Functional changes in neural mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in World Trade Center responders

Abstract

World Trade Center (WTC) responders exposed to traumatic and environmental stressors during rescue and recovery efforts have higher prevalence (23%) of persistent, clinically significant WTC-related post-traumatic stress disorder (WTC-PTSD). Here, we applied eigenvector centrality (EC) metrics and data driven methods on resting state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) outcomes to investigate neural mechanisms underlying WTC-PTSD and to identify how EC shifts in brain areas relate to WTC-exposure and behavioral symptoms. Nine brain areas differed significantly and contributed the most to differentiate functional neuro-profiles between WTC-PTSD and non-PTSD responders. The association between WTC-exposure and EC values differed significantly between WTC-PTSD and non-PTSD in the right anterior parahippocampal gyrus and left amygdala (p= 0.010; p= 0.005, respectively, adjusted for multiple comparisons). Within WTC-PTSD, the index of PTSD symptoms was positively associated with EC values in the right anterior parahippocampal gyrus and brainstem. Our understanding of functional changes in neural mechanisms underlying WTC-related PTSD is key to advance intervention and treatment.