Functional Assessment of Head???Eye Coordination During Vehicle Operation

MacDougall, Hamish G.; Moore, Steven T.

doi:10.1097/01.opx.0000175623.86611.03

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The eye tracking method and equipment of the current study has been compared to the scleral search coil technique and has demonstrated closely comparable eye movement recordings (MacDougall, Weber, McGarvie, Halmagyi, & Curthoys, 2009), demonstrating the accuracy of the system. The final result after integrating the eye movement data in the field-of-view video was a 30 frame per second video with a red cross on the screen indicating eye fixation location and length (for information and examples of previous use of the system see MacDougall & Moore, 2005).…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Grundgeiger

Sanderson

MacDougall

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

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Interruptions are frequent in many work domains. Researchers in health care have started to study interruptions extensively, but their studies usually do not use a theoretically guided approach. Conversely, researchers conducting theoretically rich laboratory studies on interruptions have not usually investigated how effectively their findings account for humans working in complex systems such as intensive care units. In the current study, we use the memory for goals theory and prospective memory theory to investigate which properties of an interruption influence how long it takes nurses to resume interrupted critical care tasks. We collected data with a mobile eye tracker in an intensive care unit and developed multiple regression models to predict resumption times. In 55.8% of all interruptions there was a finite-and therefore analyzable-resumption lag. For these cases, the main regression model explained 30.9% (adjusted R 2 ) of the variance. Longer interruptions (␤ ϭ .36, p Ͻ .001) and changes in physical location due to interruptions (␤ ϭ .40, p Ͻ .001) lengthened the resumption lag. We also calculated regression models on subsets of the data to investigate the generality of the above findings across different situations. In a further 37.6% of all interruptions, nurses used behavioral strategies that greatly diminished or eliminated individual prospective memory demands caused by interruptions, resulting in no analyzable resumption lag. We introduce a descriptive model that accounts for how nurses' behaviors affect the cognitive demand of resuming an interrupted task. Finally, we discuss how the disruptive effects of interruptions in the intensive care unit could be diminished or prevented.Keywords: interruptions, prospective memory, memory for goals, distributed cognition, intensive careIn the present study, we use theoretical models of interruptions and prospective memory to investigate factors that might make it easier or harder for people to return to an interrupted task. The potentially disruptive effects of interruptions on cognition are well recognized. Interruptions have been examined in aviation (e.g., Dismukes, Young, & Sumwalt, 1998), driving (e.g., Strayer & Johnston, 2001), human-computer interaction (e.g., Iqbal & Horvitz, 2007;McFarlane, 2002), and health care (e.g., Chisholm, Collison, Nelson, & Cordell, 2000;Coiera & Tombs, 1998;Parker & Coiera, 2000). In safety-critical domains, interruptions might contribute to errors and accidents. For example, Westbrook, Woods, Rob, Dunsmuir, and Day (2010b) showed that interruptions increase the chance of medication administration errors.Although studies have investigated interruptions in applied settings, most studies are descriptive. In contrast, in the present study we have aimed for a theoretically motivated causal account. To our knowledge, in health care only one empirical paper on interruptions appears to have used a theoretically motivated approach (for reviews see Biron, Loiselle, & Lavoie-Tremblay, 2009;. In a retrospective analysis of findi...

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Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Grundgeiger

Sanderson

MacDougall

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

Self Cite

120

124

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“…Additionally, the pupillometer in this study was developed by the authors and is not available outside of clinical protocols. 21 Multiple devices are available commercially at costs from $3,000 to $30,000. As more data are generated about PLRs, standardized devices may become more available, thereby increasing their clinical application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pupil size was determined by both center-of-mass and ellipse-fit methods at a rate of 200 Hz. [20][21][22] Both measures yield identical results, so center-of-mass calculations were used when pupil images were not obstructed by eyelids or lashes, and ellipse-fit calculations were used for obstructed images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PLRs were evaluated with custombuilt pupillometers based on laptop-based video eye movement systems. 20,21 Participants wore form-fitting motorcycle goggles, which occlude the left eye and house a digital video camera that images the right eye at 200 frames/second (Firefly MV, Point Grey Research, Inc., Richmond, BC, Canada). The right eye was illuminated by two infra-red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (HSDL 4200, Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) at a wavelength of 875 nm, which is invisible to the subject.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pupillary Light Reflexes are Associated with Autonomic Dysfunction in Bolivian Diabetics But Not Chagas Disease Patients

Halperin

Pajuelo

Tornheim

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Autonomic dysfunction is common in Chagas disease and diabetes. Patients with either condition complicated by cardiac autonomic dysfunction face increased mortality, but no clinical predictors of autonomic dysfunction exist. Pupillary light reflexes (PLRs) may identify such patients early, allowing for intensified treatment. To evaluate the significance of PLRs, adults were recruited from the outpatient endocrine, cardiology, and surgical clinics at a Bolivian teaching hospital. After testing for Chagas disease and diabetes, participants completed conventional autonomic testing (CAT) evaluating their cardiovascular responses to Valsalva, deep breathing, and orthostatic changes. PLRs were measured using specially designed goggles, then CAT and PLRs were compared as measures of autonomic dysfunction. This study analyzed 163 adults, including 96 with Chagas disease, 35 patients with diabetes, and 32 controls. PLRs were not significantly different between Chagas disease patients and controls. Patients with diabetes had longer latency to onset of pupil constriction, slower maximum constriction velocities, and smaller orthostatic ratios than nonpatients with diabetes. PLRs correlated poorly with CAT results. A PLR-based clinical risk score demonstrated a 2.27-fold increased likelihood of diabetes complicated by autonomic dysfunction compared with the combination of blood tests, CAT, and PLRs (sensitivity 87.9%, specificity 61.3%). PLRs represent a promising tool for evaluating subclinical neuropathy in patients with diabetes without symptomatic autonomic dysfunction. Pupillometry does not have a role in the evaluation of Chagas disease patients.

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“…Compared with the other senses, vision plays a leading role for drivers in obtaining road, traffic, and environmental information [2][3][4]. Gaze, saccade, and smooth tracking are the most common forms of eye movements, and it had been estimated that more than 80% of visual scanning time is accounted for by gaze and smooth tracking [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Modeling of Driver's Gaze Trajectories in Curves Driving

Ren

Zheng

et al. 2014

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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To explore the relation between drivers' eye movements and vehicle steering performance, 25 participants were employed to drive a test vehicle on appointed tortuous routes. The drivers' visual behavior was measured while they were driving, and experiment data collected on motorway on-ramps and interchanges were used to analyze the drivers' visual characteristics. The distribution density of the fixation points showed that the drivers paid attention to the inner road edge when turning left and the outer road edge when turning right. Meanwhile, the heights of the gaze targets hardly changed. Therefore, a further investigation discovered that the gaze trajectory was parallel to the vehicle's driving trajectory on one-way curves. Then, six types of gaze trajectories were derived, and models for each type were established. Combining these models with the fact that gaze points are always distributed along the nearby road edge, it was deduced that the starting point of the gaze trajectory when driving on curves has a salient influence on the driver's gaze trajectory.

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Functional Assessment of Head???Eye Coordination During Vehicle Operation

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Interruption management in the intensive care unit: Predicting resumption times and assessing distributed support.

Pupillary Light Reflexes are Associated with Autonomic Dysfunction in Bolivian Diabetics But Not Chagas Disease Patients

Analysis and Modeling of Driver's Gaze Trajectories in Curves Driving

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