Functional Aspects Of The Lichen Symbiosis

Honegger, Rosmarie

doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.42.1.553

Cited by 62 publications

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“…The morphological and ultrastructural observations on Lichina confinis reported in the present study (Figs 1, 2) are similar to those of Lichina pygmaea (Peveling, 1973) and are consistent with earlier observations on free-living and lichenized cyanobacteria (see Stewart, 1980;Ahmadjian, 1982;Rai, 19906;Honegger, 1991). Various types of haustoria and vesicles have been reported in a number of lichens with unicellular and heterocystous cyanobionts (Paran, Ben-Shaul & Galun, 1971 ;Peveling, 1973;Marton & Galun, 1976;Bergman & HussDanell, 1983;Budel & Rhiel, 1987;Rai, 1990fe;Honegger, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Various types of haustoria and vesicles have been reported in a number of lichens with unicellular and heterocystous cyanobionts (Paran, Ben-Shaul & Galun, 1971 ;Peveling, 1973;Marton & Galun, 1976;Bergman & HussDanell, 1983;Budel & Rhiel, 1987;Rai, 1990fe;Honegger, 1991). The type and structure of haustoria and the vesicles observed in L. confinis were similar to those in L. pygmaea (Peveling, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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The marine lichen Lichina confinis (O. F. Müll.) C. Ag.: ultrastructure and localization of nitrogenase, glutamine synthetase, phycoerythrin and ribulose 1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the cyanobiont

1993

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SUMMARYThallus ultrastructure and the localization of proteins involved in photosynthesis, N^ fixation and animonia assimilation was studied in the Lichina confinis (O. F. Mull) C. Ag.-Calothrix symbiosis. The lichen thallus showed profuse branching. Within this, the cyanobiont was located in the cortical zone. Haustoria were frequently observed in contact with vegetative cells of the cyanobiont but not with heterocysts. An extensive mucilage layer containing numerous vesicles occurred around cyanobiont cells. Immunolabelling showed nitrogenase to be exclusively located in heterocysts of the cyanobiont and the free-living Calothrix sp. Glutamine synthetase (GS) levels in the cyanobiont were found to be drastically decreased compared to the levels in free-living (cultured) Calothrix sp. Such a decrease was more prominent in mature parts of the thallus than in the apical region. Rubisco was mostly located in carboxysomes of the vegetative cells of the cyanobiont. There were relatively low levels of Rubisco in tbe cytoplasm of vegetative cells, wbile heterocysts sbowed negligible levels. In free-living (cultured) Calothrix sp., pbycoerytbrin (PE) was found to be located along tbe tbylakoid membranes both in vegetative cells and beterocysts. Cyanobiont cells sbowed a similar pattern but tbe levels were relatively lower.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The marine lichen Lichina confinis (O. F. Müll.) C. Ag.: ultrastructure and localization of nitrogenase, glutamine synthetase, phycoerythrin and ribulose 1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the cyanobiont

1993

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“…lc-d) where solutes are exchanged between metabolically active cells. Instead, morphologically complex lichen mycobionts form comparatively simple appressoria, intragelatinous protrusions or intraparietal haustoria with no direct contact with the plasma membrane of the photoautotroph (see Honegger, 1991Honegger, , 1992Fig. If).…”

Section: Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental biology of lichens

1993

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SUMMARY Lichen‐forming fungi are a large, taxonomically diverse group of nutritional specialists which acquire fixed carbon from a population of minute green algal or cyanobacterial cells. Mycobionts of foliose or fruticose lichens differ from the rest of the fungi by expressing morphologically and anatomically complex symbiotic phenotypes. The extracellularly located photobiont cell population of these macrolichens is housed and controlled by the quantitatively predominant fungal partner which competes for space above ground, secures adequate illumination and facilitates gas exchange. This review summarizes data on the ontogeny, functional morphology, growth patterns and internal thalline differentiation of macrolichens.

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“…Trebouxia is rarely found free-living in na-ceeded in detecting any CA activity in these. However, ture, whereas Coccomyxa also comprises non-symbiotic due to the complexity of in vivo systems the latter respecies (Honegger 1991). The physiological integration suits were difficult to interpret (Palmqvist and Badger between mycobiont and photobiont is moreover closer in 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physiological integration suits were difficult to interpret (Palmqvist and Badger between mycobiont and photobiont is moreover closer in 1996). lichens with Trebouxia photobionts compared to lichens This study aimed at characterising mechanisms inwith Coccomyxa (Honegger 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic carbon acquisition in the lichen photobionts Coccomyxa and Trebouxia (Chlorophyta)

Palmqvist¹,

Ríos²,

Ascaso³

et al. 1997

Physiol Plant

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G. 1997. Photosynthetic carbon acquisition in the lichen photobionts Coccomyxa and Trebouxia (Chlorophyta). -Physiol. Plant. 101: 67-76.Processes involved in photosynthetic CO2 acquisition were characterised for the isolated lichen photobiont Trebouxia erici (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae) and compared with Coccomyxa (Chlorophyta), a lichen photobiont without a photosynthetic COi-concentrating mechanism. Comparisons of ultrastructure and immuno-gold labelling of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco; EC 4.1.1.39) showed that the chloroplast was larger in T. erici and that the majority of Rubisco was located in its centrally located pyrenoid. Coccomyxa had no pyrenoid and Rubisco was evenly distributed in its chloroplast. Both species preferred CO2 rather than HCO3 as an external substrate for photosynthesis, but T. erici was able to use CO2 concentrations below 10-12 \xM more efficiently than Coccomyxa. In T. erici, the lipid-insoluble carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitor acetazolamide (AZA) inhibited photosynthesis at CO2 concentrations below 1 \xM, while the lipid-soluble CA inhibitor ethoxyzolamide (EZA) inhibited C02-dependent O2 evolution over the whole CO2 range. EZA inhibited photosynthesis also in Coccomyxa, but to a much lesser extent below 10-12 |iM CO2. The intemal CA activity of Trebouxia, per unit chlorophyll (Chi), was ca 10% of that of Coccomyxa. Internal CA activity was also detected in homogenates from T. erici and two Trebouxia-\\c\\&ns (Lasallia liispanica and Cladina rangiferina). In all three, the predominating CA had a-type characteristics and was significantly inhibited by low concentrations of AZA, having an I50 below 10-20 nM. In Coccomyxa a yS-type CA predominates, which is much less sensitive to AZA. Thus, the two photobionts differed in three major characteristics with respect to CO2 acquisition, the subcellular location of Rubisco, the relative requirement of CA and the biochemical characteristics of their predominating intemal CA. These differences may be linked to the ability of Trebouxia to accumulate dissolved inorganic carbon intemally, enhancing their CO2 use efficiency at and below air-equilibrium concentrations (10-12 |iM CO2) in comparison with Coccomyxa.

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Functional Aspects Of The Lichen Symbiosis

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

The marine lichen Lichina confinis (O. F. Müll.) C. Ag.: ultrastructure and localization of nitrogenase, glutamine synthetase, phycoerythrin and ribulose 1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the cyanobiont

The marine lichen Lichina confinis (O. F. Müll.) C. Ag.: ultrastructure and localization of nitrogenase, glutamine synthetase, phycoerythrin and ribulose 1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the cyanobiont

Developmental biology of lichens

Photosynthetic carbon acquisition in the lichen photobionts Coccomyxa and Trebouxia (Chlorophyta)

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