Functional and Nutraceutical Lipids

Shahidi, Fereidoon

doi:10.1002/9781444323351.ch5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…During 2017, a total of 2,000 harp seals were harvested in Norway, representing only 5% of the TAC (Joint Norwegian—Russian Fisheries Commission, 2017), which is certainly not enough to supply the demand of bait of approximately 770 tonnes for the five snow crab fishing vessels currently operating. Even in a scenario where all the TAC of harp seal is caught, the resulting fat produced, which represents 29% of the animal weight (Shahidi, 1998), would not be sufficient to fulfill the bait requirements of the Norwegian snow crab fishery. SF from other regions (e.g., Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada) could represent a solution to fulfill the bait requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery

Araya-Schmidt

Olsen

Rindahl

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Commercial harvesting of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea started in 2012 by Norwegian fishing vessels. This new fishery has significant bait requirements, representing an emerging conservation challenge. In this study, we evaluate the performance of five alternative (natural) baits manufactured from the waste stream of existing and sustainably managed harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) capture. Five different types of new bait were evaluated, including seal fat (SF), seal fat with skin (SFS), seal meat with bone (SMB), whale fat with skin (WFS), and whale meat with fat (WMF). A comparative fishing experiment was conducted onboard a commercial snow crab fishing vessel in the Barents Sea (May–June, 2016) to evaluate the performance of traditional bait (squid, Illexs spp.) and alternative baits at catching snow crabs. Performance of the different baits were compared on the basis of the number of commercial crab caught per trap haul catch per unit effort (CPUE) and carapace width (CW). Our results showed that SF and SFS performed equally well to traditional bait, with no statistical difference in CPUE (p-value = 0.325 and 0.069, respectively). All of the other experimental baits significantly decreased CPUE, when compared to squid. No significant effect of bait treatment on CW was detected and the cumulative distribution of CW was the same between control traps and each of the bait treatments. Overall the results indicated that SF and SFS represent a viable alternative to replace traditional bait, addressing a key conservation challenge in this bait intensive snow crab fishery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery

Araya-Schmidt

Olsen

Rindahl

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…The highly induced MCFAs in the diet could be the primary cause of the diminished weight during lactation and adulthood of the virgin coconut oil group, as in previous studies, animals fed with MCFAs had less weight gained associated with decreased fat deposition [ 36 ]. Caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid are fatty acids belonging to MCFAs [ 32 , 39 ]. In our study, we noticed that the level of MCFAs is highly increased by the elevation in the concentration of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid in the virgin coconut oil diet (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal intake of dietary virgin coconut oil modifies essential fatty acids and causes low body weight and spiky fur in mice

Gunasekaran

Shaker

Mohd-Zin

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundCoconut oil is commonly used as herbal medicine worldwide. There is limited information regarding its effects on the developing embryo and infant growth.MethodsWe investigated the effect of virgin coconut oil post-natally and until 6 weeks old in mice (age of maturity). Females were fed with either standard, virgin olive oil or virgin coconut oil diets 1 month prior to copulation, during gestation and continued until weaning of pups. Subsequently, groups of pups borne of the respective diets were continuously fed the same diet as its mother from weaning until 6 weeks old. Profiles of the standard and coconut oil diets were analysed by gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GCFID).ResultsAnalysis of the mean of the total weight gained/ loss over 6 weeks revealed that in the first 3 weeks, pups whose mothers were fed virgin coconut oil and virgin olive oil have a significantly lower body weight than that of standard diet pups. At 6 weeks of age, only virgin coconut oil fed pups exhibited significantly lower body weight. We report that virgin coconut oil modifies the fatty acid profiles of the standard diet by inducing high levels of medium chain fatty acids with low levels of essential fatty acids. Furthermore, pups borne by females fed with virgin coconut oil developed spiky fur.ConclusionOur study has demonstrated that virgin coconut oil could affect infant growth and appearance via maternal intake; we suggest the use of virgin coconut oil as herbal medicine to be treated with caution.

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“…The significant limitation on the sale of supplements is that the disease and cure related monetary claims cannot be made 35 . Basically, the vitamins, fats, proteins and carbohydrates required in a healthy diet in adequate quantities, are provided by functional foods 36 .…”

Section: Food Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nutraceutical and Functional Food

Geetha¹,

Rani.S²

2020

IJFMT

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Food is just fortified into nutraceuticals and functional food. Nutraceuticals or bioceutical is a pharmaceutical alternative which claims nutritional sources. Functional foods are modified food which improve health by providing benefits beyond those provided by traditional nutrients. Eating habits and trends in food production and consumption have healthy environmental and social impacts.Blood pressure effects from different nutraceutical products have been studied with the specific food rich in minerals, lipids, whole protein and amino acid. Nutraceuticals range from isolated nutrients, specific diets to genetically engineered designer food herbal products and processed food such as cereals, soup and beverages. Recent experiment has shown that it may also inhibit plaque formation by bacteria in the mouth by the basic mechanism of inhibiting biofilm formation. Plaque is the primary cause of gingivitis.When there is an increased plaque accumulation, there is also an elevation of microbial count in the saliva and biofilm. The plaque deposition around the gingival margin constituting bacteria that are anaerobic and aerobic is capable of initiating periodontal disease and destruction. Fruits and vegetables contain thousands of biologically active phytochemicals some of which likely interact in a number of ways to prevent disease and promote health. Rapid changes in diet and lifestyle may enhance the expression of the harmful genes, which manifests in a sequence. There is an emergence of chronic disease in developing countries. Both pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals compounds might be used to cure or prevent diseases. Therapeutic injections like lipotropic injection are also shown to improve the result of diet and exercise.Compounds not suspected of having any antibacterial properties such as pesticide were shown to increase the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics against a strain of staphylococcus aureus both alone and in conjunction with antibiotics where Carbapenem are often considered to have a broad spectrum of activity .

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Functional and Nutraceutical Lipids

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery

Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery

Maternal intake of dietary virgin coconut oil modifies essential fatty acids and causes low body weight and spiky fur in mice

Recent Advances in Nutraceutical and Functional Food

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