Functional and molecular clues reveal precursor‐like cells and immature neurones in the turtle spinal cord

Russo, Raúl E.; Fernández, Ana María González; Reali, Cecilia; Radmilovich, Milka; Trujillo‐Cenóz, O.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2004.072405

Cited by 33 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the TEM images revealed that these cells received synaptic contacts ( Fig. 2A, main panel and upper inset; see also Ferná ndez et al, 2002;Russo et al, 2004). Taking into account their location, general morphology, and fine structure organization and the presence of synaptic contacts, they were identified with the L cells shown in BMB-stained sections and the putative Nbs revealed by the Golgi procedure.…”

Section: Fine Structure Of Cg Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cytological organization of the central gelatinosa in the turtle spinal cord

Trujillo‐Cenóz¹,

Fernández²,

Radmilovich³

et al. 2007

J of Comparative Neurology

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This paper deals with the cytological organization of the central gelatinosa (CG) in the spinal cord of juvenile (2-12 months) turtles. We found two main cell classes in the CG: one with characteristics of immature neurons, the other identified as radial glia (RG). The cells surrounding the central canal formed radial conglomerates in such a way that the RG lamellae covered the immature neurons. We found three major subpopulations of RG that expressed S-100, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or both proteins. Electron microscopic images showed gap junctions interconnecting RG. As with the mammalian neuroepithelial cells, most CG cells displayed intrinsic polarity expressed by structural and molecular differences between the most apical and basal cell compartments. The apical zone was characterized by the occurrence of a single cilium associated with a conspicuous centrosomal complex. We found a prominent expression of the PCM-1 centrosomal protein concentrated close to the central canal lumen. In the particular case of RG, the peripheral end feet contacted the subpial basement membrane. We also found "transitional cell forms" difficult to classify by the usual imaging approaches. Functional clues obtained by patch-clamp recordings of CG cells defined some of them as already committed to follow the neuronal lineage, whereas others had properties of less mature or migrating cells. The CG appeared as a richly innervated region receiving terminal branches from nerve plexuses expressing gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, and glutamate. The results presented here support our previous studies indicating that the CG is an extended neurogenic niche along the spinal cord of turtles.

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Section: Fine Structure Of Cg Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We have previously reported (Ferná ndez et al, 2002;Radmilovich et al, 2003;Russo et al, 2004) that the CG of young turtles is more complex than could be anticipated from classical histological descriptions. It is indeed, a region populated by proliferating and differentiating cells, with diverse morphological and functional phenotypes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Cytological organization of the central gelatinosa in the turtle spinal cord

Trujillo‐Cenóz¹,

Fernández²,

Radmilovich³

et al. 2007

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…The CG is a complex region surrounding the CC that contains cells with the ability to proliferate and immature neurons, suggesting the persistence of neurogenesis after birth (Fernández et al, 2002;Russo et al, 2004;Trujillo-Cenó z et al, 2007). In other neurogenic niches, precursor cells cluster in spatially defined domains (Doetsch et al, 1997); therefore, we asked whether precursors in the CG are spatially grouped or located evenly around the CC.…”

Section: The Central Gelatinosa Is a Niche Of Proliferating Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although HuC/D is an early neuronal marker, this protein is also expressed in a subset of neuronal progenitors in the embryonic cerebral cortex (Miyata et al, 2004). Thus, to confirm that the HuC/D ϩ cells immersed within BLBP ϩ clustered cells were indeed immature neurons, we recorded from cells in the lateral CG with the characteristic morphology of neuroblasts as visualized under DIC optics (Russo et al, 2004). Figure 6 D shows a cell that fired action potentials in response to a depolarizing current pulse surrounded by BLBP ϩ cells.…”

Section: Blbp Clustered Cells and Neuroblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progenitor cells and neuroblasts persist in the postnatal spinal cord of the turtle (Fernández et al, 2002;Russo et al, 2004), which thus represents a unique model to study the biology of spinal neurogenic precursors. We hypothesize that spinal precursors share basic mechanisms with those in well characterized neurogenic niches of the adult brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Connexin 43 Delimits Functional Domains of Neurogenic Precursors in the Spinal Cord

Russo

Reali²,

Radmilovich³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Ontogeny of 5‐HT neurons in the brainstem of the lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

Antri

Cyr

Auclair

et al. 2006

J of Comparative Neurology

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This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of serotonin-immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) neurons in the brainstem of Petromyzon marinus at three developmental stages, larval, postmetamorphic, and reproductive. Computer-assisted 3-D reconstructions were made of the three main 5-HT-ir neuron groups. The rostralmost brainstem group was located near the posterior commissure, the second group at the isthmus, and the third group in the bulbar area. For each of those groups, the distribution of the 5-HT-ir neurons was very similar in the three developmental stages examined, suggesting that the 5-HT system is relatively mature early in larval animals. The soma of 5-HT-ir neurons increased in size and their dendritic fields increased in complexity with development. Furthermore, the number of 5-HT-ir neurons in each group increased significantly from the larval to the reproductive stage. To determine whether this was due to the genesis of 5-HT neurons, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected into larval, metamorphosing, and postmetamorphic lampreys. These experiments revealed a few neurons colocalizing BrdU and 5-HT in metamorphosing animals. Taken together, the present results suggest that 5-HT neurons increase in number during maturation and that neurogenesis could, at least partially, contribute to the appearance of new 5-HT cells at different developmental stages.

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Functional and molecular clues reveal precursor‐like cells and immature neurones in the turtle spinal cord

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Cytological organization of the central gelatinosa in the turtle spinal cord

Cytological organization of the central gelatinosa in the turtle spinal cord

Connexin 43 Delimits Functional Domains of Neurogenic Precursors in the Spinal Cord

Ontogeny of 5‐HT neurons in the brainstem of the lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

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