Functional and Immunofluorescence Evaluations of Vascular and Neural Integrities in Urinary Bladder of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Abstract

Purpose: To assess functional and structural changes in vascular and neural structures associated with diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) in the bladders of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.Methods: Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were injected with STZ at 50 mg/kg daily for 5 consecutive days. Catheters were inserted 12 weeks later, and 5 days after catheter placement bladder functions were assessed by conscious cystometry. Neurovascular and extracellular matrix marker changes in harvested urinary bladders were investigated by immunofluorescent staining. Body weights and fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels were measured 12 weeks after STZ injection.Results: STZ-induced diabetic mice had significantly lower body weights and significantly higher blood glucose levels. Assessment of bladder function in STZ-induced diabetic mice revealed a nearly 3-fold increase in bladder capacity and intercontractile interval compared to controls. However, basal pressure, maximal bladder pressure, and threshold pressure were not significantly different. Morphological and structural analysis showed that STZ-induced diabetic mice had significantly reduced microvascular density in lamina propria (33% of the nondiabetic control values), and severely decreased nerve contents in the detrusor region (42% of the nondiabetic control values).Conclusions: STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibit functional and structural derangements in urinary bladder. The present study provides a foundation and describes a useful means of evaluating the efficacies of therapeutic targets and exploring the detailed mechanism of DBD.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging: The High-Resolution Image of Functionality in the Central Nervous System

“…The International Neurourology Journal (INJ) has always been the leading journal in presenting advanced neurological investigations in the field of urology. The current issue is no exception, as we present a vast array of studies investigating urology with a neurological focus [1][2][3]. One major investigative modality recently gaining popularity in neurourological investigations is diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).…”