Functional and Cardiovascular Measurements in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease

Abstract

Purpose: To compare functional and cardiovascular variables of men and women with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included 67 women and 144 men (age 66 ± 9 and 67 ± 10 yr, respectively) with PAD. Patients were submitted to a clinical evaluation, 6-min walk test (6MWT) and cardiovascular evaluation, including blood pressure, arterial stiffness variables, and heart rate variability. Results: Women had lower claudication onset distance (P = .033) and 6MWT distance (P < .001), and similar percentage of the predicted 6MWT distance (P > .05). Women had higher pulse pressure (P = .002), augmentation index (P < .001), augmentation index corrected by 75 bpm (P < .001), and brachial and central systolic blood pressure (P = .041 and P = .029). Diastolic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and heart rate variability were similar between sexes (P > .05). Conclusion: Although predicted 6MWT performance was similar between sexes, women had higher blood pressure and wave reflection variables compared with men. Interventions to reduce blood pressure and wave reflection should be emphasized in women with PAD.

Influence of motor impairment on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with Parkinson disease

“…In addition, patients with advanced MI achieved only 39% of a healthy subject, while patients with moderate MI achieved 65%, patients with mild to moderate MI achieved 77% and patients with mild MI achieved 83% of a healthy subject. These responses are similar to other diseases in which patients have major motor limitations, such as intermittent claudication and stroke ( Correia et al, 2020 ; Pradon et al, 2013 ). Interestingly, the lower exercise capacity in patients with more severe MI occurred despite the higher LED use in these patients, which suggests that drug treatment is not completely effective in controlling MI from PD.…”

Walking Training Improves Systemic and Local Pathophysiological Processes in Intermittent Claudication

“…It only included men with specific disease characteristics, which limits the extrapolation of these results. There is evidence that women with PAD and IC present distinct walking capacity 49,50 , biomarkers 50 , and cardiovascular variables 51 , and respond differently to training 52,53 than men. Thus, future studies should examine the impact of the proposed WT protocol in women and compare it with men's responses.…”

Treinamento de Caminhada Melhora a Variabilidade da Pressão Arterial Ambulatorial em Claudicantes

“…Foi realizado apenas com homens e as adaptações induzidas pelo treinamento podem diferir entre os sexos. 24,25 Assim, estudos futuros devem investigar o impacto do TC na PA ambulatorial e sua variabilidade também em mulheres, principalmente idosas, que podem apresentar maior risco cardiovascular do que os homens. 24 O presente estudo também examinou apenas pacientes com sintomas de claudicação, e novos estudos devem examinar os efeitos do TC em outros grupos de pacientes, como os assintomáticos (estágio 1) e naqueles que apresentam diminuição dos níveis pressóricos ambulatoriais após o TC.…”

“…24,25 Assim, estudos futuros devem investigar o impacto do TC na PA ambulatorial e sua variabilidade também em mulheres, principalmente idosas, que podem apresentar maior risco cardiovascular do que os homens. 24 O presente estudo também examinou apenas pacientes com sintomas de claudicação, e novos estudos devem examinar os efeitos do TC em outros grupos de pacientes, como os assintomáticos (estágio 1) e naqueles que apresentam diminuição dos níveis pressóricos ambulatoriais após o TC. Por fim, o programa durou 12 semanas, duração que melhora a capacidade funcional e os parâmetros clínicos cardiovasculares desses pacientes, 7 mas um período de treinamento mais longo pode ser necessário para diminuir os níveis pressóricos ambulatoriais.…”