Functional and anatomical basis for brain plasticity in facial palsy rehabilitation using the masseteric nerve

Buendia, Javier; Loayza, Francis R.; Luis, Elkin O.; Celorrio, Marta; Pastor, María A.; Hontanilla, Bernardo

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2015.10.033

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…R-fMRI provides useful information for exploring functional brain changes and interpretation of task-based fMRI. Slow fluctuation in activity is a fundamental feature of the resting brain ( Smit et al, 2010 ; Buendia et al, 2016 ), and is also called low frequency oscillation (LFO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Brain Fraction Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation at Resting State in Patients With Early Left and Right Bell’s Palsy: Do They Have Differences?

Han

Wang

et al. 2018

Front. Neurosci.

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Purpose: Bell’s palsy refers to acute idiopathic unilateral facial nerve palsy. It is a common disorder of the main motor pathway to the facial muscles. This study aimed to investigate the abnormal fraction amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) of the brain in patients with early left and right Bell’s palsy.Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients (left 33, right 34) and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) examination. The fALFF values were measured from all subjects and were compared among the left palsy, right palsy, and control groups. Then, correlations between the Toronto Facial Grading System (TFGS) scores of the patients and the fALFF values of abnormal brain regions were analyzed.Results: Significant group differences in fALFF values among the three groups were observed mainly in the cerebral cortical, subcortical, and deep gray matter regions. Compared with the right Bell’s palsy group, the left Bell’s palsy group showed significantly decreased fALFF values in the left temporal pole of the superior temporal gyrus (TPOsup), right supramarginal, left and right middle cingulate cortex (MCC), left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and left precentral gyrus (PreCG), and increased fALFF values were observed in the right SFG and PreCG. Furthermore, altered fALFF values correlated positively with the TFGS scores in the left superior TPO, bilateral MCC, and right PreCG, and correlated negatively with the TFGS scores in the right SFG of the left Bell’s palsy group. Altered fALFF values correlated positively with the TFGS scores in the bilateral MCC and right PreCG and correlated negatively with the TFGS scores in the left superior TPO and SFG of the right Bell’s palsy group.Conclusion: Regulatory mechanisms seem to differ between patients with left and right early Bell’s palsy. The severity of the disease is associated with these functional alterations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Brain Fraction Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation at Resting State in Patients With Early Left and Right Bell’s Palsy: Do They Have Differences?

Han

Wang

et al. 2018

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Furthermore, our working group has demonstrated the existence of cortical overlapping between smile and jawclenching cerebral areas in normal healthy volunteers. 33 On the other hand, a study published in 2017 demonstrated a strong coactivation between the masseter muscle and the zygomaticus major, suggesting that the masseter nerve may be preferred in smile reanimation over other nonfacial nerves such as hypoglossal or spinal nerves. 34 For this reason, masseteric-to-facial transposition has become our first-choice surgical technique in both incomplete and short-term complete facial paralyses for the female population, 11,35 even in patients with weak smiles due to their brain plasticity and the capacity to modulate the strength of the pull to achieve symmetry.…”

Section: Videomentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing the Smile Symmetry in Facial Paralysis Reconstruction: An Algorithm Based on Twenty Years' Experience

et al. 2021

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Over the last two decades, the senior author (B.H.) has had an extensive experience with facial paralysis reconstruction. During this period, the techniques have evolved substantially based on the experience and after observing and analyzing the surgical outcomes. The purpose of this article is to relay the lessons learned from the 20 years' experience and suggest an algorithm. In this retrospective study, we have included 343 cases of facial paralysis cases. Complete facial paralysis cases were 285 and 58 were incomplete facial paralyses, both requiring surgical procedures. Complete facial paralyses were divided in to short term (n = 83) and long term (n = 202). In total, 58% of the patients were women and 42% were men. The age range was 6 to 82 years. The techniques employed were direct suture, nerve grafts, cross-facial nerve grafts (CFNGs), masseteric-to-facial nerve transference, hypoglossal-to-facial nerve transference, free muscle transplants, and lengthening temporal myoplasty to achieve the best symmetry after reanimation of unilateral, bilateral, complete, and incomplete facial paralysis. The type of paralysis, objective measurements, the personal patient's smile, and the gender are key concepts to be considered before scheduling a dynamic facial paralysis reconstruction. For unilateral facial paralysis, the time of onset, the type of paralysis, the patient's comorbidities, and the healthy side status are some of the determining factors when selecting the correct technique. The preferred techniques for unilateral facial paralysis are direct repair, CFNG, masseteric-to-facial transposition, and free gracilis transfer. For incomplete facial paralysis, the masseteric-to-facial nerve transference is preferred. In bilateral facial paralysis, bilateral free gracilis transfer is performed in two stages using the nerve of the masseter muscle as the source of innervation. The authors provide an algorithm which simplifies facial paralysis reconstruction to achieve the greatest facial symmetry while thinking about the potential comorbidities and developing spontaneity smile according to the gender of the patient.

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“…Unlike the reflexive smile produced from cross-facial nerve grafting, patients must trigger the masseter muscle to produce a smile. Cerebral adaptation can overcome the issues of involuntary facial expression with this reconstruction [33].…”

Section: A B D Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric facial reanimation: An algorithmic approach and systematic review

2020

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Facial palsy has a broad clinical presentation and the effects on psychosocial interaction and facial functions can be devastating. Pediatric facial palsy, in particular, introduces unique familial and technical considerations as anatomy, future growth potential, and patient participation influence treatment planning. Though some etiologies of pediatric facial palsy are self-limiting, congenital and long-standing facial palsies pose difficult challenges that require a combination of surgical, adjunctive, and rehabilitative techniques to achieve facial reanimation. Given the spectrum of ages and symptom severity, as well as the various surgical options available for facial palsy, a tailored approach needs to be developed for each child to restore facial balance and function. Here, we review the etiologies, workup, and treatment of pediatric facial palsy and present our novel algorithmic approach to treatment.

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Functional and anatomical basis for brain plasticity in facial palsy rehabilitation using the masseteric nerve

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Altered Brain Fraction Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation at Resting State in Patients With Early Left and Right Bell’s Palsy: Do They Have Differences?

Altered Brain Fraction Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation at Resting State in Patients With Early Left and Right Bell’s Palsy: Do They Have Differences?

Maximizing the Smile Symmetry in Facial Paralysis Reconstruction: An Algorithm Based on Twenty Years' Experience

Pediatric facial reanimation: An algorithmic approach and systematic review

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