Functional analysis of a tyrosinase gene involved in early larval shell biogenesis in Crassostrea angulata and its response to ocean acidification

Yang, Bingye; Pu, Fei; Li, Lingling; Wang, You; Ke, Caihuan; Feng, Danqing

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.01.006

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the present study, we found tyr10 and tyr11 showed a high expression level in the egg stage which could be inferred to be from maternal contribution (Wang et al, 2015). Tyr6, tyr9, tyr10, and tyr11 were highly expressed at the trochophore and D-shaped larvae stages and greatly down-regulated after the D-shaped larvae stage, which is similar with the expression profiles of tyrosinase genes in early larva of Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas (Yang et al, 2017;Huan et al, 2013). These results suggested that tyr6, tyr9, tyr10, and tyr11 might play important roles in the formation of the primary larval shells of Manila clams.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Currently, tyrosinases are considered to be involved in many biological activities of mollusks, including non-calcified shell formation (Yang et al, 2017;Huan et al, 2013), shell growth (Feng, Li & Yu, 2019), pigmentation (Feng et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2016;Jing, 2015;Yu et al, 2018), and the immune response (Zhou et al, 2012;Asokan, Arumugam & Mullainadhan, 1997). Studies of the tyr gene expression pattern in Crassostrea gigas (Yang et al, 2017) and Crassostrea angulata (Huan et al, 2013) at the early developmental stages found that tyr was highly expressed at the trochophore stage until the D-veliger stage, which indicates that the tyr gene might participate in the formation of initial non-calcified shell. In addition, several studies have suggested that tyrosinase plays a key role in melanin synthesis and the color formation of the Pteria penguin (Yu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular cloning and expression analysis of tyrosinases (tyr) in four shell-color strains of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Jiang¹,

Jiang²,

Nie³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is an economically important molluscan bivalve with variation in pigmentation frequently observed in the shell. In nature, tyrosinase is widely distributed in invertebrates and vertebrates, and plays a crucial role in a variety of physiological activities. In this study, a tyrosinase gene (tyr 9) was cloned and the expression level of tyr genes (tyr 6, tyr 9, tyr 10, and tyr 11) were investigated in different shell colors. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that tyr genes were significantly expressed in the mantle, a shell formation and pigmentation-related tissue. Moreover, the expression pattern of the tyr genes in the mantle of different shell-color strains was different, suggesting that tyrosinases might be involved in different shell-color formation. In addition, the expression profile of tyr 6, tyr 9, tyr 10, and tyr 11 genes were detected at different early developmental stages and the expression level varied with embryonic and larval growth. RNA interference (RNAi) results showed that the expression level of tyr 9 in the RNAi group was significantly down-regulated compared to control and negative control groups, indicating that Rptyr 9 might participate in shell-color formation. Our results indicated that tyr genes were likely to play vital roles in the formation of shell and shell-color in R. philippinarum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of tyrosinases (tyr) in four shell-color strains of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Jiang¹,

Jiang²,

Nie³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Huan et al [ 19 ] identified a tyrosinase gene (cgi-tyr1) in C. gigas which was highly expressed in the trochophore and D-larvae stages but not later in larval development. More recently, Yang et al [ 55 ], found that the homolog in C. angulata (Ca-tyrA1) was expressed especially in trochophore larvae, but was also significantly upregulated in a high p CO 2 treatment (3000 ppm). The authors concluded that this was likely in response to high p CO 2 induced shell damage, and that Ca-tyrA1 was involved in larval shell repair.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression correlated with delay in shell formation in larval Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to experimental ocean acidification provides insights into shell formation mechanisms

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDespite recent work to characterize gene expression changes associated with larval development in oysters, the mechanism by which the larval shell is first formed is still largely unknown. In Crassostrea gigas, this shell forms within the first 24 h post fertilization, and it has been demonstrated that changes in water chemistry can cause delays in shell formation, shell deformations and higher mortality rates. In this study, we use the delay in shell formation associated with exposure to CO2-acidified seawater to identify genes correlated with initial shell deposition.ResultsBy fitting linear models to gene expression data in ambient and low aragonite saturation treatments, we are able to isolate 37 annotated genes correlated with initial larval shell formation, which can be categorized into 1) ion transporters, 2) shell matrix proteins and 3) protease inhibitors. Clustering of the gene expression data into co-expression networks further supports the result of the linear models, and also implies an important role of dynein motor proteins as transporters of cellular components during the initial shell formation process.ConclusionsUsing an RNA-Seq approach with high temporal resolution allows us to identify a conceptual model for how oyster larval calcification is initiated. This work provides a foundation for further studies on how genetic variation in these identified genes could affect fitness of oyster populations subjected to future environmental changes, such as ocean acidification.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4519-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In sea urchin and oyster larvae, OA dampens expression of suites of genes responsible for major cellular processes, including metabolism, biomineralization, and larval shell formation (O'Donnell et al, 2009;Todgham and Hofmann, 2009;Dineshram et al, 2012;De Wit et al, 2018). Similarly, Yang et al (2017) found significant upregulation of a tyrosinase, which is a gene important for shell repair in oyster larvae. In contrast, Zippay et al (2010) examined two shell formation genes in red abalone larvae and determined that they were not differentially expressed at reduced pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Resilience of Atlantic Slippersnail Crepidula fornicata Larvae in the Face of Severe Coastal Acidification

et al. 2018

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Functional analysis of a tyrosinase gene involved in early larval shell biogenesis in Crassostrea angulata and its response to ocean acidification

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of tyrosinases (tyr) in four shell-color strains of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of tyrosinases (tyr) in four shell-color strains of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Gene expression correlated with delay in shell formation in larval Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to experimental ocean acidification provides insights into shell formation mechanisms

Resilience of Atlantic Slippersnail Crepidula fornicata Larvae in the Face of Severe Coastal Acidification

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