Functional Analyses of Two Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthetases in the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

Lee, Seung‐Hoon; Son, Hokyoung; Lee, Jungkwan; Min, Kyung-Hee; Choi, Gyung Ja; Kim, Jin-Cheol; Lee, Yin-Won

doi:10.1128/ec.05071-11

Cited by 56 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Since fungi encounter diverse environmental conditions during their unique differentiation processes, they have evolved highly efficient metabolic processes that allow for the exact temporal (developmental stages) and spatial (organelles) production of acetyl-CoA. Previous studies of acetylCoA synthetic enzymes in G. zeae have demonstrated that the roles and relationships of these enzymes are quite different from those in Aspergillus nidulans, an organism commonly used in fungal metabolism research (32,52,53). Therefore, functional characterization of the key acetyl-CoA synthetic enzymes is necessary for basic and applied studies of G. zeae.…”

Section: T He Homothallic Ascomycete Fungus Gibberella Zeae (Anamorphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Carnitine-Dependent Acetyl Coenzyme A Transport Is Required for Normal Sexual and Asexual Development of the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACTFungi have evolved efficient metabolic mechanisms for the exact temporal (developmental stages) and spatial (organelles) production of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). We previously demonstrated mechanistic roles of several acetyl-CoA synthetic enzymes, namely, ATP citrate lyase and acetyl-CoA synthetases (ACSs), in the plant-pathogenic fungusGibberella zeae. In this study, we characterized two carnitine acetyltransferases (CATs; CAT1 and CAT2) to obtain a better understanding of the metabolic processes occurring inG. zeae. We found that CAT1 functioned as an alternative source of acetyl-CoA required for lipid accumulation in anACS1deletion mutant. Moreover, deletion ofCAT1and/orCAT2resulted in various defects, including changes to vegetative growth, asexual/sexual development, trichothecene production, and virulence. Although CAT1 is associated primarily with peroxisomal CAT function, mislocalization experiments showed that the role of CAT1 in acetyl-CoA transport between the mitochondria and cytosol is important for sexual and asexual development inG. zeae. Taking these data together, we concluded thatG. zeaeCATs are responsible for facilitating the exchange of acetyl-CoA across intracellular membranes, particularly between the mitochondria and the cytosol, during various developmental stages.

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Section: T He Homothallic Ascomycete Fungus Gibberella Zeae (Anamorphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Carnitine-Dependent Acetyl Coenzyme A Transport Is Required for Normal Sexual and Asexual Development of the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

et al. 2012

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“…In addition, histidine kinase two-component response regulator proteins [GzSSK1, GzSKN7, GzRIM15 (FGSG_01312) and GzREC1 (FGSG_08031.3)], Oide et al, 2010) and several other genes involved in sexual reproduction were not found in the set of differentially regulated genes in the DFgVelB strain; for example, genes encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase (GzSNF1; Lee et al, 2009), an F-box protein (FBP1; Han et al, 2007), a TF similar to human retinoblastoma binding protein 2 (GzRUM1; , class V chitin synthases (GzCHS5 and GzCHS7; Kim et al, 2009), syntaxinlike t-SNARE (GzSYN1 and GzSYN2; Hong et al, 2010) and acetyl-CoA synthetases (ACS1 and ACS2; Lee et al, 2011) were not identified.…”

Section: Functions Of Fgvelb In Fusarium Graminearummentioning

confidence: 99%

FgVelB globally regulates sexual reproduction, mycotoxin production and pathogenicity in the cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2012

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The velvet genes are conserved in ascomycetous fungi and function as global regulators of differentiation and secondary metabolism. Here, we characterized one of the velvet genes, designated FgVelB, in the plant-pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum, which causes fusarium head blight in cereals and produces mycotoxins within plants. FgVelB-deleted (DFgVelB) strains produced fewer aerial mycelia with less pigmentation than those of the wildtype (WT) during vegetative growth. Under sexual development conditions, the DFgVelB strains produced no fruiting bodies but retained male fertility, and conidiation was threefold higher compared with the WT strain. Production of trichothecene and zearalenone was dramatically reduced compared with the WT strain. In addition, the DFgVelB strains were incapable of colonizing host plant tissues. Transcript analyses revealed that FgVelB was highly expressed during the sexual development stage, and may be regulated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Microarray analysis showed that FgVelB affects regulatory pathways mediated by the mating-type loci and a G-protein alpha subunit, as well as primary and secondary metabolism. These results suggest that FgVelB has diverse biological functions, probably by acting as a member of a possible velvet protein complex, although identification of the FgVelB-FgVeA complex and the determination of its roles require further investigation.

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“…We have used the A. nidulans model as a basis for characterizing F. graminearum orthologs of genes involved in acetyl coenzyme A synthesis (39,43), the velvet complex (27), the G protein complex (44), and G protein signaling (45). These orthologs play species-specific roles in various aspects of development and virulence.…”

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confidence: 99%

WetA Is Required for Conidiogenesis and Conidium Maturation in the Ascomycete Fungus Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2014

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c Fusarium graminearum, a prominent fungal pathogen that infects major cereal crops, primarily utilizes asexual spores to spread disease. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying conidiogenesis in F. graminearum, we functionally characterized the F. graminearum ortholog of Aspergillus nidulans wetA, which has been shown to be involved in conidiogenesis and conidium maturation. Deletion of F. graminearum wetA did not alter mycelial growth, sexual development, or virulence, but the wetA deletion mutants produced longer conidia with fewer septa, and the conidia were sensitive to acute stresses, such as oxidative stress and heat stress. Furthermore, the survival rate of aged conidia from the F. graminearum wetA deletion mutants was reduced. The wetA deletion resulted in vigorous generation of single-celled conidia through autophagy-dependent microcycle conidiation, indicating that WetA functions to maintain conidial dormancy by suppressing microcycle conidiation in F. graminearum. Transcriptome analyses demonstrated that most of the putative conidiation-related genes are expressed constitutively and that only a few genes are specifically involved in F. graminearum conidiogenesis. The conserved and distinct roles identified for WetA in F. graminearum provide new insights into the genetics of conidiation in filamentous fungi.

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Functional Analyses of Two Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthetases in the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

Cited by 56 publications

References 70 publications

Mitochondrial Carnitine-Dependent Acetyl Coenzyme A Transport Is Required for Normal Sexual and Asexual Development of the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

Mitochondrial Carnitine-Dependent Acetyl Coenzyme A Transport Is Required for Normal Sexual and Asexual Development of the Ascomycete Gibberella zeae

FgVelB globally regulates sexual reproduction, mycotoxin production and pathogenicity in the cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum

WetA Is Required for Conidiogenesis and Conidium Maturation in the Ascomycete Fungus Fusarium graminearum

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