Functional alterations in the social organization of bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) induced by ovariectomy: an experimental analysis

Rasmussen, Dennis R.

doi:10.1016/0306-4530(84)90043-x

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…The Ovx group spent less time in consort behavior with males than the intact animals. This result is not surprising and has been previously observed in other studies [18, 42]. Female rhesus macaques initiate mating during the preovulatory surge of estradiol by carefully orchestrated and repeated movement toward a male [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In nonhuman primates, a number of studies have examined the effect of ovariectomy on sexual behavior [15, 16], social status [17] and agonistic behavior [18], but less information is available on the effect of ovariectomy on anxious or depressive behavior. In one study, estrogen (E) treatment of ovariectomized macaques decreased scratching, an indicator of anxiety [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term ovariectomy alters social and anxious behaviors in semi-free ranging Japanese macaques

Coleman

Robertson

Bethea

2011

Behavioural Brain Research

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Symptoms of anxiety and depression often occur in young women after complete hysterectomy and in older women during menopause. There are many variables that are hard to control in human population studies, but that are absent to a large extent in stable nonhuman primate troops. However, macaques exhibit depressive and anxious behaviors in response to similar situations as humans such as isolation, stress, instability or aggression. Therefore, we hypothesized that examination of behavior in ovariectomized individuals in a stable macaque troop organized along matriarchal lineages and in which individuals have social support from extended family, would reveal effects that were due to the withdrawal of ovarian steroids without many of the confounds of human society. We also tested the hypothesis that ovariectomy would elicit and increase anxious behavior in a stressful situation such as brief exposure to single caging. Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) were ovariectomized (Ovx) or tubal-ligated (intact controls) at 3 years of age and allowed to mature for 3 years in a stable troop of approximately 300 individuals. Behaviors were recorded in the outdoor corral in the third year followed by individual temperament tests in single cages. There was no obvious difference in anxiety-related behaviors such as scratching between Ovx and tubal-ligated animals in the corral. Nonetheless, compared to tubal-ligated animals, Ovx animals exhibited a significant decrease in (1) positive social behavior, (2) initiating dominance behavior (3) time receiving grooming, (4) locomoting, (5) mounting behavior, and in (6) consort behavior. However, Ovx females exhibited a significant increase in (1) consummatory behavior and (2) object play compared to tubal-ligated controls. In the individual temperament tests, Ovx individuals exhibited an increase in anxiety-related behaviors. There was no difference in adrenal weight/body weight suggesting that neither group was under chronic stress. These data indicate that ovarian hormones enable females to successfully navigate their social situation and may reduce anxiety in novel situations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term ovariectomy alters social and anxious behaviors in semi-free ranging Japanese macaques

Coleman

Robertson

Bethea

2011

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…Empirical bases. A previous study that compared a heterosexual group of bonnet macaques (M. radiata) in which all females were ovariectomized and a matched control group containing intact females found that there was more agonistic behavior and less affiliation between males housed with the intact and sexually cycling females (Rasmussen, 1984). Aggression between rhesus males has also been…”

Section: Theoreticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A functional definition of sexual behavior was used (Scott, 1956;Tinbergen, 1965): Sexual behavior is behavior that has been associated with conception in the EEA, the environment of evolutionary adaptation (Rasmussen, 1984).…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Affiliative and Sexual Differences Between a Reproductive and a Nonresponsive

Ramussen¹

1995

International Journal of Comparative Psychology

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A heterosexual group of nonreproductive rhesus (Macaca mulatto) containing vasectomized males was compared with a matched control group containing intact males. Comparisons were made on data collected before the birth of the first infant in the control group. Three Darwinian a priori hypotheses were used to predict differences between groups. The first hypothesis correctly predicted more affiliative and sexual behavior among experimental heterosexual dyads. The results did not support the second hypothesis that predicted less affiliation between experimental males. The third hypothesis correctly predicted that heterosexual affiliation and sexual behavior would occur between more of the possible heterosexual dyads in the experimental group. Two-tailed tests showed the females in the reproductive group engaged in significantly less intrasexual affiliation. The results suggest failure to reproduce has a causal influence on the affiliative and sexual interaction patterns of rhesus macaques.Studies of differences between contracepting and noncontracepting groups of nonhuman primates may help us to understand differences between our social and sexual behavior and that of our recent ancestors. The effects of contraception on humans may be so great that studies of natural groups of nonhuman primates may not shed much light on the behavior people in developed nations (Rasmussen,

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Effects of ovariectomy, social instability and social status on female Macaca fascicularis social behavior

Shively

Kaplan

Adams

1986

Physiology & Behavior

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Functional alterations in the social organization of bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) induced by ovariectomy: an experimental analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 123 publications

Long-term ovariectomy alters social and anxious behaviors in semi-free ranging Japanese macaques

Long-term ovariectomy alters social and anxious behaviors in semi-free ranging Japanese macaques

Affiliative and Sexual Differences Between a Reproductive and a Nonresponsive

Effects of ovariectomy, social instability and social status on female Macaca fascicularis social behavior

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