Function of iron in plants with special emphasis on chloroplasts and photosynthetic activity

Abstract

Iron was resupplied to tobacco that was severely iron-deficient and the chloroplasts investigated for chlorophyll, iron content, photochemical, and development aberrations and photosystem components. Ferredoxin was purified from normal and iron deficient tobacco leaves. Lower ferredoxin and chlorophyll content in iron-deficient leaves were found compared to normal leaves. The ferredoxin from normal and iron-deficient leaves had the same molecular weight as spinach ferredoxin (Sigma Chemical Co.) and shared a similar antigenic property.Photosystem I (PSI) acti vity increased by about 100% during the first 10 days of regreening on a leaf surface area comparison. Only small increases in activity were found with PSII. Purified PSI particles were spectrophotometrically examined for any changes in P700, chlorophyll, cytochrome and protein components on a leaf area basis. With greening the individual components increased but the ratios remained constant. There were 6 polypeptide bands in the PSI particles when examined by electrophoresis. All bands stained with equal intensity with coomassie blue except for the ISkD band at day 0 of greening. Data suggest that iron stress is involved in the regulation of PSI development, possibly by the direct regulation of a low-molecular weight protein required for system assembly. Discussion is presented suggesting this protein is ferredoxin and that limitation of this component would directly affect chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast structure.

Application of municipal biowaste derived products in Hibiscus cultivation: Effect on leaf gaseous exchange activity, and plant biomass accumulation and quality

“…The contribution of the compost (GC) and insoluble compost hydrolysate (IGC) to the total amount of Fe and Si was roughly 64% and 177%, respectively, higher than the average value contributed by the other applied products listed in Table 1. Both Si (Houben et al, 2014) and Fe (Miller et al, 1995) are known to have important role in photosynthesis. Gomis et al (2014) have proposed that Fe in the soluble compost hydrolysate is responsible of the photosensitizing properties of this material, which were demonstrated for the remediation of chemical industrial waste waters containing organic pollutants.…”

Alleviation of salt stress on Moringa peregrina using foliar application of nanofertilizers

“…These results agree with those of El-Kereti et al (2013) and El-Feky et al (2013). The seasons (Miller et al, 1995). Meanwhile, zinc is an essential element for plants that act as a metal component of various enzymes or as a functional structure or regulatory cofactor for protein synthesis and photosynthesis (Marschner, 1995).…”

Effects of soil and foliar applications of iron and zinc on flowering and essential oil of chamomile at greenhouse conditions

“…It plays a vital role in the chlorophyll formation, thylakoid synthesis and chloroplast development and also functions in the respiratory enzymes. Moreover, iron serves in the transportation of energy in the plant (Miller et al, 1995).…”

“…Zinc also has many essential roles in the plant growth and development including production of biomass, chlorophyll production, pollen function, fertilization, metabolism of RNA, proteins and the DNA formation (Marschner, 1995;Pandey et al, 2006;Cakmak, 2008). It is also, required for the synthesis of tryptophan, a precursor of IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) which acts as a growth promoting substance (Marschner, 1995;Miller et al, 1995).…”