“…During this phase, the amplification torque decreases, until reaching the lower saturation values. In literature, we can find many stationary models for the EPS system ( [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11]), where the hysteresis cycle is approximated by a single curve. Nevertheless, these investigations do not provide ground foundations (other than these curves reproduce the behaviour of the older power steering systems, based on hydraulic valves), neither evidence that they are optimal for the driver in any sense.…”