Fumonisin B Series Mycotoxins’ Dose Dependent Effects on the Porcine Hepatic and Pulmonary Phospholipidome

Abstract

Male weaned piglets n = 6/group were fed Fumonisin B1+2+3 (FBs) mycotoxins at 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg diet for 3 weeks to assess the fatty acid (FA) composition of membrane lipid classes, lipid peroxidation, and histomorphological changes in the liver and lung. Growth performance and lipid peroxidation were unaltered, but histomorphological lesion scores increased in the liver. Linear dose–response was detected in liver phosphatidylcholines for C16:1n7, C18:1n9, and total monounsaturation and in lungs for C22:6n3, total n-3 and n-3:n-6, in pulmonary phosphatidylserines C20:0 and C24:0. Alterations associated with the highest FBs dose were detected in sphingomyelins (liver: total saturation ↓, total monounsaturation ↑), phosphatidylcholines (liver: total n-6 ↓, n-6:n-3 ↑; in lungs: total monounsaturation ↑, total polyunsaturation ↑), phosphatidylethanolamines (liver: total n-3 ↓; in lungs: total monounsaturation ↑ and n-6:n-3 ↑), phosphatidylserines (liver: n-6:n-3 ↑; in lungs: total saturation ↓, total polyunsatuartion ↑, and total n-6 and its ratio to n-3 ↑), and phosphatidylinositol (n-6:n-3 ↑; lungs: C22:1n9 ↑, C22:6n3 ↓, total saturation ↓, total monounsaturaion ↑). In conclusion, FBs exposures neither impaired growth nor induced substantial lipid peroxidation, but hepatotoxicity was proven with histopathological alterations at the applied exposure period and doses. FA results imply an enzymatic disturbance in FA metabolism, agreeing with earlier findings in rats.

Gut-Faecal Microbial and Health-Marker Response to Dietary Fumonisins in Weaned Pigs

“…The current work is a part of a larger investigation into how the functioning of the GIT and certain tissue phospholipids’ fatty acid profiles responded to dietary FBs intoxication in weaned pigs. As such, animal care and preparation of diets, animal euthanasia and sample collection herein described have been previously reported in three separate companion papers [ 30 , 64 , 65 ].…”

“…Table 4 shows the proximate nutrient content of the feed given. Drinking water was made available ad libitum [ 30 , 64 , 65 ].…”

“…The diet fed to the control group did not contain detectable amounts of FBs. In the diets, the absence of FBs co-occurrence with DON, ZEN, and T-2 toxin was also tested and excluded, in which the analysed diets did not contain detectable concentrations (limits of detection, LODs were 0.053, 0.005, and 0.011 mg/kg for DON, ZEN and T-2 toxin, respectively) [ 64 ].…”

“…Table 4 shows the proximate nutrient content of the feed given. Drinking water was made available ad libitum [30,64,65]. Mycotoxin contamination and experimental diets preparation have already been reported [64].…”

Detoxification of Selenium Yeast on Mycotoxins and Heavy Metals: a Review

“…In the livers of piglets exposed to fumonisin, scattered necrosis, swelling, and scattered focal hyperplasia of hepatocytes were observed. Meanwhile, mild focal interstitial lymphoid tissue cell infiltration were shown in the lung and mild focal fibrosis were founded in visceral pleura [ 107 ]. To sum up, mycotoxin poisoning can induce tissue necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and focal proliferation and so on.…”