Fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women: acute fatty liver or acute viral hepatitis?

Salehiniya, Hamid; Jafri, S M Wasim; Khan, Hamza Abdur Rahim; Shah, Hasnain Ali; Abbas, Zaigham; Fields, Howard A.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(96)80323-0

Cited by 143 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Various reports evaluating etiological spectrum in individuals with acute hepatitis during both epidemic and sporadic settings indicate three distinct observations in India: 1) HEV is the commonest cause of AVH in both sporadic and epidemic settings [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] 2) The frequency of HEV as the cause of AVH is significantly higher among pregnant females than in non-pregnant females and males 24,25,[42][43][44][45][46][47] 3) The frequency of ALF is significantly higher in pregnant females than in non-pregnant females and males with HEV infection. 7,24,25,43,45 Tables 3 and 4 7,11,12,[42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50] highlight the sporadic and epidemic studies of HEV induced AVH/ALF reported in pregnant females.…”

Section: Pregnant Females Are More Susceptible To Contract Hepatitis mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis E and Acute Liver Failure in Pregnancy

Shalimar

Acharya

2013

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Section: Pregnant Females Are More Susceptible To Contract Hepatitis mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,24,25,43,45 Tables 3 and 4 7,11,12,[42][43][44][45][46][48][49][50] highlight the sporadic and epidemic studies of HEV induced AVH/ALF reported in pregnant females.…”

Section: Pregnant Females Are More Susceptible To Contract Hepatitis mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E and Acute Liver Failure in Pregnancy

Shalimar

Acharya

2013

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…The diagnosis of acute liver failure is made clinically on the basis of physical examination findings such as altered mental status and supportive laboratory results like prolonged prothrombin time [3]. The most commonly identified causes of acute liver failure include medications and idiosyncratic drug toxicity, initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis and viral infections [4][5][6][7] also we should keep in mind other possibilities for example Eclampsia, Fatty liver of pregnancy, Hepatic ischemia, Malignant infiltration, Toxins and/or Wilson disease [4,[8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2015

GHOA

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confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis E is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, with an incubation period of about 15 to 60 days. The mortality rate is generally low (about 1%); however, it can reach up to 15 to 25% among infected pregnant women (7,23,24). HEV is a public health concern in many developing countries; however, sporadic cases of acute hepatitis E have also been reported in many industrialized countries, including the United States (3, 13-14, 17, 20, 22, 26, 31, 33, 37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Generation and Infectivity Titration of an Infectious Stock of Avian Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Chickens and Cross-Species Infection of Turkeys with Avian HEV

et al. 2004

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Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV), a novel virus identified from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the United States, is genetically and antigenically related to human HEV. In order to further characterize avian HEV, an infectious viral stock with a known infectious titer must be generated, as HEV cannot be propagated in vitro. Bile and feces collected from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens experimentally infected with avian HEV were used to prepare an avian HEV infectious stock as a 10% suspension of positive fecal and bile samples in phosphate-buffered saline. The infectivity titer of this infectious stock was determined by inoculating 1-week-old SPF chickens intravenously with 200 l of each of serial 10-fold dilutions (10 ؊2 to 10 ؊6 ) of the avian HEV stock (two chickens were inoculated with each dilution). All chickens inoculated with the 10 ؊2 to 10 ؊4 dilutions of the infectious stock and one of the two chickens inoculated with the 10 ؊5 dilution, but neither of the chickens inoculated with the 10 ؊6 dilution, became seropositive for anti-avian HEV antibody at 4 weeks postinoculation (wpi). Two serologically negative contact control chickens housed together with chickens inoculated with the 10 ؊2 dilution also seroconverted at 8 wpi. Viremia and shedding of virus in feces were variable in chickens inoculated with the 10 ؊2 to 10 ؊5 dilutions but were not detectable in those inoculated with the 10 ؊6 dilution. The infectivity titer of the infectious avian HEV stock was determined to be 5 ؋ 10 5 50% chicken infectious doses (CID 50 ) per ml. Eight 1-week-old turkeys were intravenously inoculated with 10 5 CID 50 of avian HEV, and another group of nine turkeys were not inoculated and were used as controls. The inoculated turkeys seroconverted at 4 to 8 wpi. In the inoculated turkeys, viremia was detected at 2 to 6 wpi and shedding of virus in feces was detected at 4 to 7 wpi. A serologically negative contact control turkey housed together with the inoculated ones also became infected through direct contact. This is the first demonstration of cross-species infection by avian HEV.Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is an important human pathogen (1-2, 23-24, 26, 34-35). HEV is a positive-sense, single-stranded, nonenveloped RNA virus. The genome of HEV is about 7.2 kb and contains three open reading frames (ORFs) (23)(24)26). Hepatitis E is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, with an incubation period of about 15 to 60 days. The mortality rate is generally low (about 1%); however, it can reach up to 15 to 25% among infected pregnant women (7,23,24

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Fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women: acute fatty liver or acute viral hepatitis?

Cited by 143 publications

References 20 publications

Hepatitis E and Acute Liver Failure in Pregnancy

Hepatitis E and Acute Liver Failure in Pregnancy

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Generation and Infectivity Titration of an Infectious Stock of Avian Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Chickens and Cross-Species Infection of Turkeys with Avian HEV

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