Fully Air‐Processed Carbon‐Based Efficient Hole Conductor Free Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells With High Reproducibility and Stability

Li, Fangjie; Wang, Changlei; Liu, Pei; Xiao, Yilin; Bai, Lihua; Qi, Fei; Hou, Xiaoyi; Zhang, Huijie; Wang, Yuan; Wang, Shaofu; Zhao, Xingzhong

doi:10.1002/solr.201800297

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The most common one is based on a conventional regular structure (TCO/ETL/perovskite/gold or carbon) (Table 2). [25,48,86,87,[89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] This type was first designed by Etgar and co-workers in 2012. The other type is the printable Figure 6.…”

Section: Htl-free Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Huang

Liu²,

Liang³

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered one of the most promising nextgeneration examples of high-tech photovoltaic energy converters, as they possess an unprecedented power conversion efficiency with low cost. A typical high-performance PSC generally contains a perovskite active layer sandwiched between an electron-transport layer (ETL) and a hole-transport layer (HTL). The ETL and HTL contribute to the charge extraction in the PSC. However, these additional two layers complicate the manufacturing process and raise the cost. To extend this technology for commercialization, it is highly desired that the structure of PSCs is further simplified without sacrificing their photovoltaic performances. Thus, ETL-free or/and HTL-free PSCs are developed and attract more and more interest. Herein, the commonly used methods in reducing the defect density and optimizing the energy levels in conventional PSCs in order to simplify their structures are summarized. Then, the development of diverse ETL-free or/and HTL-free PSCs is discussed, with the PSCs classified, including their working principles, implemented technologies, remaining challenges, and future perspectives. The aim is to redirect the way toward low-cost and high-performance PSCs with the simplest possible architecture.

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Section: Htl-free Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common one is based on a conventional regular structure (TCO/ETL/perovskite/gold or carbon) ( Table 2 ). [ 25,48,86,87,89–103 ] This type was first designed by Etgar and co‐workers in 2012. The other type is the printable mesoscopic structure (TCO/ETL/ZrO 2 insulated layer/carbon: perovskite) ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Htl‐free Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Huang

Liu²,

Liang³

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…In the past few years, perovskite solar cell (PSC) became an interesting subject to study due to recent rapid progress on its device performance. In spite of achieving an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2% for single junction perovskite based solar cells and certifying by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, developing an air‐processed high‐efficiency PSC is still challenging for future commercialization . The fabrication process for high‐efficiency PSCs needs to perform under highly controlled atmospheric conditions in the N 2 ‐filled glove boxes with only trace levels of oxygen and water .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of achieving an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2% for single junction perovskite based solar cells and certifying by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, [1] developing an air-processed high-efficiency PSC is still challenging for future commercialization. [2][3][4][5][6] The fabrication process for high-efficiency PSCs needs to perform under highly controlled atmospheric conditions in the N 2filled glove boxes with only trace levels of oxygen and water. [7] Therefore, the deposition in a vacuum environment under controlled atmospheric conditions, will greatly increase the preparing cost and not suitable for large-scale manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Fully Ambient Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using TiO₂ Paste with Tunable Pore Structure

Seyed‐Talebi

Kazeminezhad

Shahbazi

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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Crystallization and nucleation of the perovskite layer in the mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) depend on the nucleation sites of the electron transport layer (ETL). The porosity optimization of TiO2 film as an efficient ETL plays an important role in the performance improvement of PSCs. In the present study, nontoxic carbon spheres synthesized with uniform morphology and controllable size under hydrothermal conditions and used as a template to generate the tunable porous TiO2 films. Furthermore, the effect of porosity modification of TiO2 on the formation of perovskite films with large grain size is studied in an ambient atmosphere with humidity higher than 50%. The best TiO2 film is produced with carbon spheres 8 wt% (C8), which results in the formation of a pinhole‐free, and compact‐packed perovskite layer. The fully air processed PSC device with the ETL made of C8 film exhibits an efficiency of 16.66% with reduced hysteresis, which is much superior in performance compared to the standard cell (11.72%). It is believed that this porosity optimization of TiO2 layer is a simple practical strategy for improved stability of fully air processed efficient perovskite solar cells and usable for the fabrication of reproducible compact perovskite layers in uncontrolled laboratories.

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“…

Lead halide perovskites have emerged as one of the most promising photovoltaic materials in view of their remarkable optoelectronic properties, including high absorption coefficient, long carrier diffusion lengths, and low-cost fabrication methods. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the state-of-the-art lead (Pb)-based single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 25.5%, approaching 80% of the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit for %1.5 eV single-junction devices. [7] Considering the toxicity of Pb, which is harmful to the environment and humans, replacing Pb with tin (Sn) has attracted increasing attention in the past few years.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the Energy Loss to Achieve High Open‐circuit Voltage and Efficiency by Coordinating Energy‐Level Matching in Sn–Pb Binary Perovskite Solar Cells

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Solar RRL

Self Cite

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Tin–lead (Sn–Pb) binary low‐bandgap perovskites are more environmentally friendly than conventional Pb‐based perovskites and promise to deliver high photovoltaic performance by constructing tandem solar cells. However, the energy‐level mismatch between functional layers and tremendous trap states in perovskite films make it challenging to reduce the high open‐circuit voltage (Voc) loss in Sn–Pb binary perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, energy loss reduction at the hole collection interface in Sn–Pb binary PSCs is demonstrated using nickel oxide (NiOx) as the hole transport material (HTM) with optimal poly[(9,9‐bis(3′‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)propyl)‐2,7‐fluorene)‐alt‐2,7‐(9,9‐dioctyfluorene)] (PFN) modification, which enables a significantly enhanced Voc compared to the traditional poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)‐based devices. The NiOx/PFN bilayer has a downward‐shifted valence band compared to PEDOT:PSS, providing well‐matched energy‐level alignment with the perovskite material, resulting in more fluent charge transfer and reduced Voc losses. The optimized device has a high Voc of 0.88 V and an efficiency of 19.80%, surpassing the previous results reported for NiOx‐based Sn–Pb PSCs. Moreover, the robust NiOx/PFN substrate and the high‐quality perovskite film grown on it make the device less vulnerable to ambient exposure. This work highlights the significance of ideal hole conductors and interface engineering in efficient and stable Sn–Pb low‐bandgap PSCs.

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Fully Air‐Processed Carbon‐Based Efficient Hole Conductor Free Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells With High Reproducibility and Stability

Cited by 21 publications

References 58 publications

Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Fully Ambient Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using TiO₂ Paste with Tunable Pore Structure

Reducing the Energy Loss to Achieve High Open‐circuit Voltage and Efficiency by Coordinating Energy‐Level Matching in Sn–Pb Binary Perovskite Solar Cells

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Fully Air‐Processed Carbon‐Based Efficient Hole Conductor Free Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells With High Reproducibility and Stability

Cited by 21 publications

References 58 publications

Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Towards Simplifying the Device Structure of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Fully Ambient Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using TiO2 Paste with Tunable Pore Structure

Reducing the Energy Loss to Achieve High Open‐circuit Voltage and Efficiency by Coordinating Energy‐Level Matching in Sn–Pb Binary Perovskite Solar Cells

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Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Fully Ambient Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using TiO₂ Paste with Tunable Pore Structure