Full-scale water penetration tests on twelve cavity fills—Part II. Three built-in fills

Newman, Andrew J.; Whiteside, D.; Kloss, P.B.

doi:10.1016/0360-1323(82)90039-7

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A different type of field experiments consists in simulated WDR and runoff on actual (on-site) building facades [12][13][14]. In addition, also laboratory experiments have been performed, which are briefly described in the next section.…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequences of its destructive properties can take many forms. Moisture accumulation in porous materials can lead to rain penetration [1,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], frost damage [3,4,[17][18][19][20], moistureinduced salt migration [4,17,18] discolouration by efflorescence [3,4,17], biological and chemical degradation of the building material and building components [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and structural cracking due to thermal and moisture gradients [17], to mention just a few. When rain penetration occurs, WDR also becomes a moisture source for the building interior, possibly damaging interior surfaces and furniture (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rainwater runoff from building facades: A review

Blocken

Derome

Carmeliet

2013

Building and Environment

143

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Rainwater runoff from building facades is a complex process governed by a wide range of urban, building, material and meteorological parameters. Given this complexity and the wide range of influencing parameters, it is not surprising that despite research efforts spanning over almost a century, wind-driven rain and rainwater runoff are still very active research subjects. Accurate knowledge of rainwater runoff is important for hygrothermal and durability analyses of building facades, assessment of indirect evaporative cooling by water films on facades to mitigate outdoor and indoor overheating, assessment of the self-cleaning action of facade surface coatings and leaching of particles from surface coatings that enter the water cycle as hazardous pollutants. Research on rainwater runoff is performed by field observations, field measurements, laboratory measurements and analytical and numerical modelling. While field observations are many, up to now, field experiments and modelling efforts are few and have been almost exclusively performed for plain facades without facade details. Field observations, often based on a posteriori investigation of the reasons for differential surface soiling, are important because they have provided and continue to provide very valuable qualitative information on runoff, which is very difficult to obtain in any other way. Quantitative measurements are increasing, but are still very limited in relation to the wide range of influencing parameters. To the knowledge of the authors, current state-of-the-art hygrothermal models do not yet contain runoff models. The development, validation and implementation of such models into hygrothermal models is required to supplement observational and experimental research efforts.

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Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater runoff from building facades: A review

Blocken

Derome

Carmeliet

2013

Building and Environment

143

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“…Rain penetration through insulated masonry cavity walls has been a major concern in European countries [70][71][72][73]. The extent of rain penetration of the outer leaf depends on its absorption capacity, the quality of the joining, and on the severity and duration of the driving rain [70], In a properly-constructed cavity without insulation^water which may penetrate the outer leaf in general flows freely down its inner surface to the bottom of the cavity where it is deflected outwards.…”

Section: Rain Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the severity of rain penetration problems in the United Kingdom, extensive research has been conducted by the Building Research Establishment in order to provide design and guide specifications regarding insulated cavity walls [71][72][73][74]. The British standard for foam application [21] restricts its installation in areas of severe wind driven rain depending upon the type of masonry.…”

Section: Rain Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%