“…In accordance with this, Bøhm presented results of measurements of consumption, efficiency and losses in domestic hot water systems in 15 residential and public buildings [26]. Harrestrup and Svendsen [27] done measurements of heat consumption before and after the renovation of a multi-storey building in Copenhagen with heritage value and reported reduction of heat consumption of 47 %, which proved to be within expected values. Morelli et al [28] used a multi-storey building in Copenhagen from 1896 as a case-study for three types of energy retrofit measures and concluded that the reduction of energy consumption by 68 % is achievable, but renewable energy sources are needed to achieve a "nearly-zero" energy building.…”
Munksøgård is a housing community near the city of Roskilde, Denmark. In 2014, Munksøgård's residents have agreed to change the existing heat supply system. The choice of future heat supply was narrowed to heat pumps, new biomass boiler and connection to nearby district heating network.The present paper compares results from techno-economic energy system analysis, simple private-economic analysis and assessment of externalities related to the heat supply and discusses the differences in conclusions -is the economic optimal solution different from a system or private-economic point of view?The techno-economic energy system analysis is done using TIMES-DTU model, which optimizes over all sectors in Denmark and all periods until 2050. The result from this model gives the least expensive solution from the overall system point of view. A spreadsheet model has been developed to do the private-economic analysis and the evaluation of external effects related to the different solutions.
“…In accordance with this, Bøhm presented results of measurements of consumption, efficiency and losses in domestic hot water systems in 15 residential and public buildings [26]. Harrestrup and Svendsen [27] done measurements of heat consumption before and after the renovation of a multi-storey building in Copenhagen with heritage value and reported reduction of heat consumption of 47 %, which proved to be within expected values. Morelli et al [28] used a multi-storey building in Copenhagen from 1896 as a case-study for three types of energy retrofit measures and concluded that the reduction of energy consumption by 68 % is achievable, but renewable energy sources are needed to achieve a "nearly-zero" energy building.…”
Munksøgård is a housing community near the city of Roskilde, Denmark. In 2014, Munksøgård's residents have agreed to change the existing heat supply system. The choice of future heat supply was narrowed to heat pumps, new biomass boiler and connection to nearby district heating network.The present paper compares results from techno-economic energy system analysis, simple private-economic analysis and assessment of externalities related to the heat supply and discusses the differences in conclusions -is the economic optimal solution different from a system or private-economic point of view?The techno-economic energy system analysis is done using TIMES-DTU model, which optimizes over all sectors in Denmark and all periods until 2050. The result from this model gives the least expensive solution from the overall system point of view. A spreadsheet model has been developed to do the private-economic analysis and the evaluation of external effects related to the different solutions.
“…Morelli and Svendsen (2012) [11] and Harrestrup and Svendsen (2014) [25] Temperature and relative humidity sensors were installed in the wooden beam ends and used to validate a simulation model (Figure 1(b)). The sensors were installed in two apartments on the 4 th and 5 th floor with the façade facing south-west.…”
Section: Measurements In the Wooden Beam Endsmentioning
Internal insulation is investigated in a building with a wooden beam construction and masonry brick walls. Measurements were carried out and used to validate a hygrothermal simulation. The risk of mould growth in the wooden beams and in the interface between the insulation and the brick wall was evaluated.A solution with a 200mm area without insulation above and below the floor/ceiling was investigated. At low rain exposure coefficients (Catch Ratio, CR≤0.1) and with a wall orientation towards the west, this solution can be moisture-safe. However, it not recommended to apply internal insulation on a northorientated wall, and caution should be exercised also with a west-orientated wall.
“…In another study [21], experimental studies were carried out on heat, air, and moisture transfer through a full scale building envelope wall under atmospheric conditions. Harrestrup and Svendsen [22] conducted full-scale post-renovation measurements of a heritage building, focusing on energy savings and moisture reduction. The obtained data were also validated with numerical simulations.…”
Abstract:The aim of the present study was to investigate the thermal performance of window systems using full-scale measurements and simulation tools. A chamber was installed on the balcony of an apartment to control the temperatures which can create condensation on the interior surfaces of window systems. The condensation process on the window was carefully scrutinized when outdoor and indoor temperature and indoor relative humidity ranged from −15 • C to −20 • C, 23 • C to 24 • C, and 50% to 65%, respectively. The results of these investigations were analyzed to determine how the moisture is influenced by changing temperatures. It appears that the glass-edge was highly susceptible to the temperature variations and the lowest temperature on the glass edge was caused by the heat transfer through the spacer, between the two glass panels of the window. The results from the simulation used in this study confirm that the thermal performance of window systems can be improved the use of super insulated or thermally broken spacers. If the values of the indoor humidity and temperature are given, then the outdoor temperature when condensation forms can be obtained by using Temperature Difference Ratio (TDR). This methodology can be employed to predict the possible occurrence of condensation.
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