Full or Partial Seroreversion in Patients Infected by Hepatitis C Virus

Lefrère, Jean‐Jacques; Guiramand, Sonia; Lefrère, François; Mariotti, Martine; Aumont, Pascale; Lerable, Joëlle; Petit, Jean‐Claude; Girot, Robert; Morand‐Joubert, Laurence

doi:10.1093/infdis/175.2.316

Cited by 77 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…After viruses clear, specifi c antibodies may disappear and persist thus for several years, and could very rarely be found in low concentrations over many years. 27 In these cases, however, HCV RNA is found in PBMCs which we did not fi nd in our study contingent. 28 It is, however, not impossible to fi nd HCV RNA in the liver tissue.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

Komitova¹,

Atanasova²,

Pavlova³

et al. 2017

Folia Medica

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis in dialysis patients. The diagnosis of HCV infection in these patients is predominantly based on laboratory tests because of the specificity of the clinical course of the disease. Aim: The present prospective study aimed at determining very accurately the prevalence rate of HCV infection in patients on dialysis by simultaneously testing them for anti-HCV and for HCV RNA levels. Materials and methods: For the present cross-sectional longitudinal study we recruited and followed up 93 patients from St George University Hospital Hemodialysis Unit between July 2013 and December 2014. All patients were tested for anti-HCV and HCV RNA. The anti-HCV negative patients were tested for anti-HCV and HCV RNA at least twice at intervals of 6 months or more (up to 12 months). Anti-HCV antibodies were identified using a third generation ELISA assay. Commercial kits for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect HCV RNA in the plasma and mononuclear cells. Aminotransferase and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase levels were studied to find if liver inflammation was present. Results: The total seroprevalence in 68 patients was 20.6% (14). Of these, 10 patients were viremic (HCV RNA+/anti-HCV+), and 4 patients (5.9%) had discordant results (anti-HCV+/HCV RNA-). Acute hepatitis was detected in one patient. Duration of dialysis in HCV viremic patients was longer than that in aviremic patients (p=0.005). Conclusions: The present study suggests that HCV infection in dialysis patients can be diagnosed more accurately if these patients are tested using two diagnostic methods - a serological test and a biomolecular assay. Further studies with larger sample size may prove the feasibility of such approach for all dialysis patients in this country.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

Komitova¹,

Atanasova²,

Pavlova³

et al. 2017

Folia Medica

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“…16 A greater than 90% rate of clearance of HCV RNA in the liver of sustained virological response also indicates that a long-lived hepatic reservoir is unlikely to exist, [37][38][39] although another report detected hepatic HCV RNA in 50% of spontaneously aviremic seropositive subjects. 22 The slow decrease in anti-HCV antibody titers in subjects with spontaneously cleared viremia [40][41][42][43][44] as well as the complete seroreversion detected in 7% of transfusion-transmitted infections 5 may also reflect an absence of ongoing antigenic stimulation, indirectly supporting clearance of infection in persons who test HCV RNA-negative in plasma. Finally, our findings are supported by the lack of HCV transmission following 11 of 12 fresh whole blood transfusions (containing approximately 10 9 PBMC) from aviremic donors (using duplicate TMA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearance of hepatitis C virus RNA from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of blood donors who spontaneously or therapeutically control their plasma viremia

et al. 2008

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We determined whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA could be detected associated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of seropositive blood donors who had spontaneously or therapeutically cleared their plasma viremia. Blood donor plasma viremia status was first determined with a highly sensitive transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) test performed in duplicate assays. PBMC from 69 aviremic and 56 viremic blood donors were then analyzed for the presence of HCV RNA with TMA adapted to detect viral RNA in PBMC and with a reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction assay. PBMCassociated HCV RNA was detected in none of the 69 aviremic donors, including all 6 subjects with a sustained viral response following antiviral therapy. PBMC-associated HCV RNA was detected in 43 of the 56 viremic donors. The 13 viremic donors with no detectable PBMCassociated HCV RNA all had very low viral loads (6 positive only in 1 of 2 duplicate plasma TMA assays, 6 with viral loads below 100 HCV RNA copies/mL, and 1 with a viremia of 2700 HCV RNA copies/mL). The absence of detectable PBMC HCV RNA detection in all 69 aviremic donors reported here contrasts with prior studies, possibly as a result of the higher sensitivity of the TMA assay used to test for plasma viremia. Conclusion: Our results indicate that PBMC are unlikely to serve as a long-lived reservoir of HCV in aviremic subjects.

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“…Since GBV-C appears to be a common, nonpathogenic, persistent human virus, it could potentially serve as a gene therapy vector for lifelong expression of foreign genes in humans. In addition, recent data indicate that GBV-C viremia occurs in 35 to 40% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals (31,43), and two clinical reports suggest that GBV-C viremia delays clinical disease progression and mortality in HIV-infected people (26,44). Since we demonstrated that GBV-C replicates in CD4 ϩ T cells in vitro, it is tempting to speculate that GBV-C may cause viral interference with HIV, leading to delayed disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Length GB Virus C (Hepatitis G Virus) RNA Transcripts Are Infectious in Primary CD4-Positive T Cells

Xiang¹,

Wünschmann²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2000

J Virol

102

137

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GB virus C (GBV-C or hepatitis G virus) is a recently described flavivirus which frequently leads to chronic viremia in humans. Although GBV-C is associated with acute posttransfusion hepatitis, it is not clear if the virus is pathogenic for humans. We constructed a full-length cDNA from the plasma of a person with chronic GBV-C viremia. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with full-length RNA transcripts from this GBV-C clone resulted in viral replication. This was demonstrated by serial passage of virus from cell culture supernatants, detection of increasing concentrations of positive-and negative-sense GBV-C RNA over time, and the detection of the GBV-C E2 antigen by confocal microscopy. In addition, two types of GBV-C particles were identified in cell lysates; these particles had buoyant densities of 1.06 and 1.12 to 1.17 g/ml in sucrose gradients. PBMCs sorted for expression of CD4 contained 100-fold-more GBV-C RNA than CD4-negative cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that RNA transcripts from GBV-C full-length cDNA are infectious in primary CD4-positive T cells. In contrast, RNA transcripts from an infectious hepatitis C virus clone did not replicate in the same cell culture system. Infectious RNA transcripts from GBV-C cDNA should prove useful for studying viral replication and may allow identification of differences between GBV-C and hepatitis C virus cultivation in vitro.

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Full or Partial Seroreversion in Patients Infected by Hepatitis C Virus

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

Diagnostic Dilemmas in Hepatitis C Virus Infection for Hemodialysis Patients

Clearance of hepatitis C virus RNA from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of blood donors who spontaneously or therapeutically control their plasma viremia

Full-Length GB Virus C (Hepatitis G Virus) RNA Transcripts Are Infectious in Primary CD4-Positive T Cells

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