Full-Field Terahertz Imaging at Kilohertz Frame Rates Using Atomic Vapor

Downes, Lucy; MacKellar, Andrew R.; Whiting, Daniel; Bourgenot, Cyril; Adams, Charles S.; Weatherill, Kevin J.

doi:10.1103/physrevx.10.011027

Cited by 84 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Rydberg-atom based sensors offer an ideal platform for precision electrometry by exploiting the large electric dipole moments of Rydberg atoms to enable electric field metrology spanning the full frequency range from DC to microwave (MW) [1] and terahertz (THz) regimes [2,3]. For sensing in the microwave regime, Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [4] is exploited resulting in an Autler-Townes (AT) splitting of the transmission feature proportional to the microwave electric field amplitude to create compact atomic sensors offering SI-traceable calibration from knowledge of the atomic dipole matrix elements [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal State Choice for Rydberg-Atom Microwave Sensors

Chopinaud

Pritchard

2021

Phys. Rev. Applied

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Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) enables realization of atom-based SI-traceable microwave (MW) sensing, imaging and communication devices by exploiting the strong microwave electric dipole coupling of highly excited Rydberg states. Essential to the development of robust devices is a careful characterization of sensor performance and systematic uncertainties. In this work we present a comparison of microwaveinduced EIT splitting in a cesium atomic vapor for four possible Rydberg couplings 65S 1/2 → 65P 1/2 , 66S 1/2 → 66P 3/2 , 79D 5/2 → 81P 3/2 and 62D 5/2 → 60F 7/2 at microwave transition frequencies around 13 GHz. Our work highlights the impact of multi-photon couplings to neighbouring Rydberg states in breaking both the symmetry and linearity of the observed splitting, with excellent agreement between experimental observations and a theoretical model accounting for multi-photon couplings. We identify an optimal angular state choice for robust microwave measurements, as well as demonstrating a new regime in which microwave polarization can be measured.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal State Choice for Rydberg-Atom Microwave Sensors

Chopinaud

Pritchard

2021

Phys. Rev. Applied

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“…While quantum computing promises the broadest transformations of any quantum technologies, there are other quantum technologies which promise more near-term applications. These include the use of atomic systems to see through objects by detecting terahertz radiation (Downes et al 2020), more accurate atomic clocks, which would allow the detection of small strains in the earth's crust for earthquake detection (Ludlow et al 2015), and key distribution protocols for cryptography, which can detect spying by construction (Minder et al 2019). Since quantum mechanics equates to a different way of understanding reality, quantum literacy therefore potentially offers a different way of conceiving of problems in a range of diverse fields.…”

Section: Quantum Literacymentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenge and opportunities of quantum literacy for future education and transdisciplinary problem-solving

Nita

Smith

Chancellor

et al. 2021

Research in Science & Technological Education

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Background: Knowledge of quantum computing is arguably inaccessible to many, with knowledge of the complex mathematics involving a particular barrier to entry, creating difficulty in terms of teaching and inclusive learning for those without a high level of mathematics. Meanwhile, it is increasingly important that the knowledge of quantum technologies is accessible to those who work with real-world applications and is taught to the younger generation. Purpose: Resulting from collaborative dialogue between physicists, computer scientists, educationalists, and industrial end users, we propose the concept of quantum literacy as one means of addressing the need for transdisciplinary research in response to the complex problems that we see at the heart of issues around global sustainability. In this way, quantum literacy can contribute to UN Sustainable Development Goal 4, Quality Education. Methods: We introduce a specific puzzle visualization learning tool through which to achieve the pedagogic ends we set out with respect to quantum literacy. Visualization through puzzles can enable non-specialists to develop an intuitive, but still rigorous, understanding of universal quantum computation and provide a facility for non-specialists to discover increasingly complex and new quantum algorithms. Using the Hong-Ou-Mandel optical effect from quantum mechanics, we demonstrate how visual methods such as those made possible through the puzzle visualization tool can be very useful for understanding underlying complex processes in quantum physics and beyond and therefore support the aims of quantum literacy. Conclusion:We argue that quantum literacy, as defined here, addresses the challenges of learning within a highly bounded discipline and of access to the kind of powerful knowledge that should be more accessible to a wide group of learners. We therefore argue for the importance of addressing pedagogic issues when powerful knowledge consists of dense concepts, as well as complex and hierarchical relations between concepts, in addition to presenting a strong barrier to entry in the form of mathematics.

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“…Recently, many new experimental devices are considered as single photon sensors in the THz frequency range [75][76][77]. However, it remains to be seen whether some of these techniques can be improved to have sufficiently good efficiency and very low background level to be useful for axion dark matter searches.…”

Section: Jhep10(2020)143mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximal axion misalignment from a minimal model

Huang

Madden

Racco

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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The QCD axion is one of the best motivated dark matter candidates. The misalignment mechanism is well known to produce an abundance of the QCD axion consistent with dark matter for an axion decay constant of order 1012 GeV. For a smaller decay constant, the QCD axion, with Peccei-Quinn symmetry broken during inflation, makes up only a fraction of dark matter unless the axion field starts oscillating very close to the top of its potential, in a scenario called “large-misalignment”. In this scenario, QCD axion dark matter with a small axion decay constant is partially comprised of very dense structures. We present a simple dynamical model realising the large-misalignment mechanism. During inflation, the axion classically rolls down its potential approaching its minimum. After inflation, the Universe reheats to a high temperature and a modulus (real scalar field) changes the sign of its minimum dynamically, which changes the sign of the mass of a vector-like fermion charged under QCD. As a result, the minimum of the axion potential during inflation becomes the maximum of the potential after the Universe has cooled through the QCD phase transition and the axion starts oscillating. In this model, we can produce QCD axion dark matter with a decay constant as low as 6 × 109 GeV and an axion mass up to 1 meV. We also summarise the phenomenological implications of this mechanism for dark matter experiments and colliders.

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Full-Field Terahertz Imaging at Kilohertz Frame Rates Using Atomic Vapor

Cited by 84 publications

References 43 publications

Optimal State Choice for Rydberg-Atom Microwave Sensors

Optimal State Choice for Rydberg-Atom Microwave Sensors

The challenge and opportunities of quantum literacy for future education and transdisciplinary problem-solving

Maximal axion misalignment from a minimal model

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