Full-Duplex Radio – Increasing the Spectral Efficiency for Military Applications

Adrat, Marc; Keller, Reinhardt; Tschauner, Matthias; Wilden, Steffen; Nir, Vincent Le; Riihonen, Taneli; Bowyer, Mark; Pärlin, Karel

doi:10.1109/icmcis.2019.8842748

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…• Full duplex communications appear very promising for narrow band low frequency use. Here, three critical parameters are relaxed in comparison to implementing full duplex at higher frequencies: power, bandwidth, and delay spread [200], [201], [202]. When increased, all three of these stress full duplex solutions, and the relatively low values for all of them in short range low frequency applications simplifies the technology challenges for low frequency adoption.…”

Section: B Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Frequency Multi-Robot Networking

Sadler,

Dagefu,

Twigg

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Autonomous teams of unmanned ground and air vehicles rely on networking and distributed processing to collaborate as they jointly localize, explore, map, and learn in sometimes difficult and adverse conditions. Co-designed intelligent wireless networks are needed for these autonomous mobile agents for applications including disaster response, logistics and transportation, supplementing cellular networks, and agricultural and environmental monitoring. In this paper we describe recent progress on wireless networking and distributed processing for autonomous systems using a low frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, here defined as roughly 25 to 100 MHz with corresponding wavelengths of 3 to 12 meters. This research is motivated by the desire to support autonomous systems operating in dense and cluttered environments by harnessing low frequency propagation, where meters long wavelengths yield significantly reduced scattering and enhanced penetration of obstacles and structures. This differs considerably from higher frequency propagation, requiring different low frequency propagation models than those widely employed for other bands. Progress in use of low frequency for autonomous systems has resulted from combined advances in low frequency propagation modeling, networking, antennas and electromagnetics, geolocation, multi-antenna array distributed beamforming, and mobile collaborative processing. This article describes the breadth and the depth of interaction between areas, leading to new tools and methods, especially in physically complex indoor/outdoor, dense urban, and other challenging scenarios. We bring together key results, models, measurements, and experiments that describe the state of the art for new uses of low frequency spectrum for multi-agent autonomy.

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Section: B Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Frequency Multi-Robot Networking

Sadler,

Dagefu,

Twigg

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…In addition, this technology has been applied in continuous-wave radar to achieve stealth by continuously emitting low-power waveforms that continuously illuminate the target [ 4 , 5 ]. Recently, STAR technology has been recognized as a disruptive technology by military radio experts, who believe that it has the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in operating on the networked electromagnetic battlefield [ 6 , 7 ]. To achieve STAR, it is necessary to significantly reduce the self-interference (SI) from the transmit subarray to the receive subarray at the same location; otherwise, coupled SI and noise will saturate the receiver and hinder the normal operation of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sparse Shared Aperture Design for Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays with Beam Constraints

Wei

Xie

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The utilization of efficient digital self-interference cancellation technology enables the simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) phased array system to meet most application requirements through STAR capabilities. However, the development of application scenario requirements makes array configuration technology for STAR phased arrays increasingly important. Thus, this paper proposes a sparse shared aperture STAR reconfigurable phased array design based on beam constraints which are achieved by a genetic algorithm. Firstly, a design scheme for transmit and receive arrays with symmetrical shared apertures is adopted to improve the aperture efficiency of both transmit and receive arrays. Then, on the basis of shared aperture, sparse array design is introduced to further reduce system complexity and hardware costs. Finally, the shape of the transmit and receive arrays is determined by constraining the side lobe level (SLL), main lobe gain, and beam width. The simulated results indicate that the SLL of the transmit and receive patterns under beam-constrained design have been reduced by 4.1 dBi and 7.1 dBi, respectively. The cost of SLL improvement is a reduction in transmit gain, receive gain, and EII of 1.9 dBi, 2.1 dBi, and 3.9 dB, respectively. When the sparsity ratio is greater than 0.78, the SLL suppression effect is also significant, and the attenuation of EII, transmit, and receive gains do not exceed 3 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of a sparse shared aperture design based on beam constraints in producing high gain, low SLL, and low-cost transmit and receive arrays.

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“…The simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) [1] is an important application of digital phased arrays that could transmit and receive signals of the same frequency and time in the same environment and on the same system. The STAR system can significantly increase the throughput and band efficiency [2,3], operate simultaneously on multiple operating modes [4], has multiple pulse repetition intervals and continuous answering to interference [5], and joint multi-user systems [6,7]. In order to take full advantage of the STAR digital phased arrays, the isolation between transmitter and receiver must be enhanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sparse Design for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays

Wei

Xie

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The aperture-level simultaneous transmit and receive (ALSTAR) system uses full digital architecture with an observation channel to achieve remarkably effective isotropic isolation (EII). However, the number of observation channels must be the same as the number of transmit channels, which increases the system’s complexity. To balance the system cost and performance of the ALSTAR, this paper proposes a joint design of sparse arrays and beamforming, which are achieved by a genetic algorithm and an alternating optimization algorithm, respectively. In the sparse design, we introduce beamforming technology to guarantee the EII while decreasing the corresponding elements of observation channel that contribute slightly to the EII. The simulation results are presented for a 32-element array that achieves 185.87 dB of the EII with 1000 W of transmit power. In the cases of sparsity rates at 0.875 and 0.75 (≥0.6), i.e., the number of observation channels decreases by 12.5% (2/16) and 25% (4/16), the reductions in EII do not exceed 1 dB and 3 dB, respectively. However, the EII decreases rapidly with a sparsity rate less than 0.25. Results demonstrate that our proposed joint design of sparse arrays and beamforming can reduce the system cost with little performance loss of EII.

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Full-Duplex Radio – Increasing the Spectral Efficiency for Military Applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Low Frequency Multi-Robot Networking

Low Frequency Multi-Robot Networking

A Sparse Shared Aperture Design for Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays with Beam Constraints

A Sparse Design for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays

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