“…Acquiring potable water from diverse sources that are contaminated represents a rational approach to enhancing the availability of clean water . The DCS-PNIPAm gel exhibits a notable capacity for efficient water collection with minimal energy input while also demonstrating resistance to fouling.…”
Section: Results
and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Acquiring potable water from diverse sources that are contaminated represents a rational approach to enhancing the availability of clean water. 52 The DCS-PNIPAm gel exhibits a notable capacity for efficient water collection with minimal energy input while also demonstrating resistance to fouling. The water purification efficacy of the DCS-PNIPAm gel was evaluated across various experimental setups, encompassing the presence of small-molecule dyes, oil contamination, and heavy metals.…”
Section: Characterization Of Mechanical and Swellingmentioning
A viable and long-term method for producing clean water at hydrogel interfaces is solar-driven evaporation. This research utilizes the microgel polymerization technique to fabricate DCS-PNIPAm gels that exhibit exceptional swelling capacity and mechanical qualities. Electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonds between molecules occur between the sulfonic acid anions and ammonium cations inside the P(NIPAm-co-DMAPS) chains. Alginate is characterized by a high content of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, which facilitate the establishment of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions within the P(NIPAm-co-DMAPS) system. Semi-interpenetrating networks are formed in the hydrogel as a result of physical and chemical cross-linking brought on by these interactions. Consequently, the hydrogel's mechanical characteristics and swelling capacity were significantly enhanced, and the water-collecting rate of DCS-PNIPAm reached up to 9.32 kg m −2 h −1 under one sun irradiation. Notably, the sodium alginate (SA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) layer of the DCS-PNIPAm gel has excellent filtration properties, which can make it possible to use sunlight to purify water from various contaminated water sources containing dyes, oils, and metals.
“…Acquiring potable water from diverse sources that are contaminated represents a rational approach to enhancing the availability of clean water . The DCS-PNIPAm gel exhibits a notable capacity for efficient water collection with minimal energy input while also demonstrating resistance to fouling.…”
Section: Results
and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Acquiring potable water from diverse sources that are contaminated represents a rational approach to enhancing the availability of clean water. 52 The DCS-PNIPAm gel exhibits a notable capacity for efficient water collection with minimal energy input while also demonstrating resistance to fouling. The water purification efficacy of the DCS-PNIPAm gel was evaluated across various experimental setups, encompassing the presence of small-molecule dyes, oil contamination, and heavy metals.…”
Section: Characterization Of Mechanical and Swellingmentioning
A viable and long-term method for producing clean water at hydrogel interfaces is solar-driven evaporation. This research utilizes the microgel polymerization technique to fabricate DCS-PNIPAm gels that exhibit exceptional swelling capacity and mechanical qualities. Electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonds between molecules occur between the sulfonic acid anions and ammonium cations inside the P(NIPAm-co-DMAPS) chains. Alginate is characterized by a high content of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, which facilitate the establishment of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions within the P(NIPAm-co-DMAPS) system. Semi-interpenetrating networks are formed in the hydrogel as a result of physical and chemical cross-linking brought on by these interactions. Consequently, the hydrogel's mechanical characteristics and swelling capacity were significantly enhanced, and the water-collecting rate of DCS-PNIPAm reached up to 9.32 kg m −2 h −1 under one sun irradiation. Notably, the sodium alginate (SA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) layer of the DCS-PNIPAm gel has excellent filtration properties, which can make it possible to use sunlight to purify water from various contaminated water sources containing dyes, oils, and metals.
“…Currently, photothermal materials can be classified into carbon, plasma metals, conjugated polymers, and inorganic semiconductor materials based on their chemical composition [ 48 , 49 ]. It is noted that each category has its own unique photothermal conversion mechanism [ 50 ]. In order to adapt to different natural environments and device structures, it is crucial to select a suitable material to improve the photothermal conversion efficiency of the device [ 51 ].…”
The global shortage of freshwater supply has become an imminent problem. The high energy consumption of traditional desalination technology cannot meet the demand for sustainable energy development. Therefore, exploring new energy sources to obtain pure water has become one of the effective ways to solve the freshwater resource crisis. In recent years, solar steam technology which utilizes solar energy as the sole input source for photothermal conversion has shown to be sustainable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly, providing a viable low-carbon solution for freshwater supply. This review summarizes the latest developments in solar steam generators. The working principle of steam technology and the types of heating systems are described. The photothermal conversion mechanisms of different materials are illustrated. Emphasis is placed on describing strategies to optimize light absorption and improve steam efficiency from material properties to structural design. Finally, challenges in the development of solar steam devices are pointed out, aiming to provide new ideas for the development of solar steam devices and alleviate the shortage of freshwater resources.
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