Fuel Transport across the Piston Ring Pack: Measurement System Development and Experiments for Online Fuel Transport and Oil Dilution Measurements

Behn, Andreas; Feindt, Matthias; Matz, Gerhard; Krause, Sven; Gohl, Marcus

doi:10.4271/2015-24-2535

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this case, different solutions have been focused from several point of views: gas exchange processes, injection systems and after treatment devices. These common after treatment devices are: exhaust gases recirculation (EGR) [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], diesel particulate filter (DPF) [15,16] and the selective catalysts systems also known as SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the fuel is not completely burned off during combustion, it can pass down (to the crankcase) by blow-by, mixing with the engine oil [18]. Another way that can generate fuel dilution [25] is when fuel droplets condensed at the cooler parts of the combustion chamber leak trough the piston rings and they fuse with the bulk engine oil in the crankcase [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study of the influence of emission control strategies on the soot content and fuel dilution in engine oil

Tormos

Novella

Gómez-Soriano

et al. 2019

Tribology International

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The engine oil contamination by both particulate matter (PM) and fuel is becoming an important problem since strategies to control pollutant emissions in internal combustion engines (ICE) significantly increase their presence in engine oil. As a consequence, the engine oil loses its tribological properties compromising engine lubrication and leading to potential problems in engine such as wear, corrosion, etc. For that reason, the study of the oil degradation and contamination due to these strategies have a special interest to the engine manufacturers and engine oil formulators. In this paper, the engine oil soot content and fuel dilution is analysed under real engine conditions. The study is addressed from two different but complementary points of views. First, on-line measurements at several engine operating conditions are performed in order to further understand how the soot generation correlates with the oil soot content and other derived problems on oil performance. Then, experimental data available after the experimental campaign is used to calibrate a numerical model, based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), that estimate the amount of soot particles settled in the engine oil. Results show that soot particles are more present in oil when operating high load-speed conditions and during the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration cycles. Regarding the fuel dilution, delayed post-injections are critical since they significantly increase the amount of fuel in the engine oil. Numerical results also show the relationships between the soot particles generated during combustion and the amount of soot in engine oil, giving an enhanced comprehension of soot-in-oil deposition mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the influence of emission control strategies on the soot content and fuel dilution in engine oil

Tormos

Novella

Gómez-Soriano

et al. 2019

Tribology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A suitable technique for this is mass spectrometry which has been applied to production engines. [5][6][7] Similarly, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used to determine the oil dilution by diesel fuel, 8,9 but the technique can also be applied to gasoline engines. However, these methods have a delayed system response, as the fuel has to reach the sample extraction point, for example, the oil sump, and mix sufficiently with the lubricant before it can be detected accurately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative fluorescence-based imaging of in-cylinder fuel film thickness at kHz frame rates in a production-type direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Schöler

Wigger

Kaiser

2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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Incomplete evaporation of liquid fuel films inside the combustion chamber is a major source of soot and particulate emissions in internal combustion engines. In this study, quantitative imaging of liquid fuel films on the cylinder wall is performed by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in a single cylinder engine with optical access to the cylinder liner. A four-component surrogate fuel mixed with 0.5% anisole as the fluorescent tracer was directly injected in a single injection into the motored engine. Fuel impinging on the cylinder wall is excited at 266 nm at kHz repetition rates and imaged by a high-speed camera coupled with an image intensifier. Simultaneously, lubricating oil doped with 0.01 mmol/l pyrromethene 567 is excited at 532 nm and imaged with a second camera. The fuel film thickness on the cylinder wall is compared for two different injections timings, 285 and 240°CA before top-dead center. The initial fuel film thickness is similar for both, but evaporation occurs faster for the later injection, such that the film thickness is similar at the time the piston rings reach the fuel films. When the rings scrape the fuel off the wall, it accumulates on top of the first piston ring and is partly transported downwards to the second and third ring. In the simultaneous oil image, washout of lubricating oil is seen.

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“…It is suggested that adopting the injection strategy with less post-injection fuel mass and more post-injection times could be helpful for the fuel evaporation in the cylinder and reducing the wall-wetting fuel mass. 14 When researching the wall-wetting phenomenon between the cylinder liner and piston rings, Behn et al 15 found that the amount of fuel getting mixed into the lubricating oil film could be up to 30% due to the excessive retarded injection fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental research on the wall-wetting effects on the frictional property of the cylinder liner–piston ring pair

Yin

Jia

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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The application of novel injection strategies (high-pressure injection, early injection, retarded injection, etc.) in combustion engines has made the wall-wetting problem severer. As the splashed fuel dilutes the lubricating oil, the tribological performance of the cylinder liner–piston ring pair will be affected. In this research, the viscosity and wettability tests were conducted firstly by mixing diesel into lubrication oil. It was found that the dynamic viscosity of the mixture drops with more fuel diluting the oil, and a small quantity of diesel mixed will cause a remarkable decline in lubricant viscosity; also, the contact angle shows a downward trend with the increasing diluting ratio. Then based on several typical diluting ratios, the reciprocating friction tests were carried out to measure the instantaneous friction force of the production ring/liner pair. The experimental results showed that under a mixed lubrication state, the peak friction force of the ring/liner pair occurs around the dead centers, while the minimum force occurs at the middle position of the reciprocating stroke; with more fuel diluting the oil, the bearing capacity of oil film degrades, resulting in the increase of friction force. In addition, the average friction coefficient of the ring/liner pair shows an upward trend with the increasing diluting ratio, and the Stribeck curve moves toward the upper-left, which means the lubrication condition of this pair tends to transit from mixed lubrication to boundary lubrication, causing negative effects on the frictional property of the cylinder liner–piston ring pair. Therefore, the diluting ratio should be controlled under 20%.

show abstract

Fuel Transport across the Piston Ring Pack: Measurement System Development and Experiments for Online Fuel Transport and Oil Dilution Measurements

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Study of the influence of emission control strategies on the soot content and fuel dilution in engine oil

Study of the influence of emission control strategies on the soot content and fuel dilution in engine oil

Quantitative fluorescence-based imaging of in-cylinder fuel film thickness at kHz frame rates in a production-type direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Experimental research on the wall-wetting effects on the frictional property of the cylinder liner–piston ring pair

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