Fuel Spray Trajectory in Diesel Engines

Elkotb, M.M.; Rafat, N.M.

doi:10.1115/1.3446353

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Most of fuel injectors used in gas turbines are of the swirl type pressure injectors due to their good atomization quality. Detailed studies have been carried out on these atomizers (1)(2)(3)(4) to improve their flow performance and atomization characteristics. However, many problems in this case such as soot formation and thermal stresses of the combustor wall have appeared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomization Quality of Twin Fluid Atomizers for Gas Turbines

Elkotb

Mahdy

Montaser³

1982

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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A detailed investigation of the effect of nozzle/needle diameter ratio, normal fuel area, swirler degree, air pressure, fuel pressure on flow number, cone angle and droplet size distribution of external mixing twin fluid atomizers is given in this paper. Forty atomizers have been constructed to prevent mutual effect of various parameters. Flow number and cone angle are found to increase with nozzle/diameter ratio, and to decrease with the increase of air pressure. Optimum fuel flow is obtained at swirler angle 30-deg, while cone angle increases with increase of swirler angle. Sauter mean diameter decreases with the increase of air pressure and decrease of fuel pressure. Suitable functions are derived for droplet size distribution, Sauter mean diameter, and flow number. They are suitable to predict the geometry of the atomizer and to be used also in a prediction model for the calculation of fuel concentration and heat release.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The determination of the mean droplet and droplet size distribution is also sensitive to the sampling position. The slide sampling technique is more suitable in this case and gave more reliable results (1)(2)(3)(4) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomization Quality of Twin Fluid Atomizers for Gas Turbines

Elkotb

Mahdy

Montaser³

1982

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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“…Set E gives the conditions for which the experimental results are taken from (18) which concerns the determination of mixture formation and combustion in a diesel engine in the presence of air motion. Sets F-0 are referenced from the work of Elkotb and Rafat (9) in which the effect of the shape of the diesel engine combustion chamber on fuel spray trajectory is investigated. For all sets, except set P, the injector axis is normal to the cylinder axis.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spray–Swirl Interaction in Direct Injection Diesel Engine Combustion Chambers

Mehta

Gupta

1985

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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A mathematical model for predicting spray-swirl interaction in a direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber is developed using centre-line velocity vectorlcontinuum approach. The model has three-dimensional features in fuel spray motion. The present model responds to the various air swirl, fuel injection and cylinder charge conditions. The predicted results are compared with the analytical and experimental data available from various sources in the two-dimensional case. Very good agreement is achieved over a wide range of data. The three-dimensional predictions are directly possible without any alteration in the computation scheme. NOTATIONaxial and normal extrainment parameters cross-sectional area of spray (m') diameter of combustion bowl (m) fuel mass concentration drag coefficient orifice diameter (m) equivalent diameter (m) cylinder bore diameter (m) drag force (N) integral constants mass (kg) unit vector in normal direction engine speed (r/min) radius (m) centre-line spray penetration (m) distance of piston crown from cylinder cover at any crank angle position (m) swirl ratio unit vector in tangential direction spray velocity (m/s) combustion chamber volume (m') air velocity (m/s) non-dimensionalized radius [ = r/rj] spray deflection angle (rad) density function initial half cone angle of spray (rad) density (kg/m3) angular speed (rad/s) Subscripts a 1 m n j 0 S t V air spray boundary liquid fuel centre-line normal to the spray axis orifice swirl tangential, transition, total vapour The MS was receiwd on

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“…For the application, a solid surfaceoften glass-is covered with a rather loose coating. Here soot coatings from burned kerosene or magnesium were used (May 1950, Elkotb et al 1978. Thus, the impact of liquid on the surface leaves footprints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A measuring system for monitoring multi-nozzle spraying tools

Schulz

Reincke

Mrochen³

et al. 2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Spray tools with multi-nozzle-arrays are used in a wide variety of applications. Monitoring the functionality of complex spraying tools with a large number of individual nozzles is a great challenge. For this purpose, we have developed a measurement technique based on the wetting pattern, which forms on a surface during spray impingement. To investigate the performance of this measurement technique we applied a spraying tool with nine external mixing air-water nozzles, the geometric alignment of which can be freely adjusted. In the first test series, the precision of the evaluation of the nozzle alignment is determined. The second test series focuses on the individual sizes of the wetted areas. Here the reproducibility, the influences of the operating modes and the nozzle type were evaluated. Subsequently, the functionality is tested in an exemplary test case in which two of nine nozzles were readjusted in a defined manner. Finally, the wetting pattern resulting from injecting a full spray is discussed and the necessary image processing steps are provided. In summary, this measuring system allows efficient, fast and cost-effective control and documentation of the alignment and functionality of spraying tools, thereby avoiding production downtime and related costs.

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Fuel Spray Trajectory in Diesel Engines

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Atomization Quality of Twin Fluid Atomizers for Gas Turbines

Atomization Quality of Twin Fluid Atomizers for Gas Turbines

Modelling of Spray–Swirl Interaction in Direct Injection Diesel Engine Combustion Chambers

A measuring system for monitoring multi-nozzle spraying tools

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