Fuel-rich flame chemistry in low-pressure cyclopentene flames

Lamprecht, Axel; Atakan, Burak; Kohse‐Höinghaus, Katharina

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(00)80584-6

Cited by 79 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As expected, the maximum mole fraction of the C 3 H 3 and C 3 H 5 radicals is higher in the propene flame than in the acetylene flame with the same C/O ratio [59]. Rich cyclopentene [60] and 1,3-pentadiene [61] flames were studied to check C 5 radicals as benzene precursors, as proposed by Moskaleva et al [62] and Melius et al [63]. The main conclusions of this comparative study of C 2 , C 3 , and C 5 flames were summarized in a specific paper [64] and a review paper [65] on aromatic hydrocarbon formation.…”

Section: Benzene Formation In Flamessupporting

confidence: 69%

“…A systematic experimental study of the structure of rich hydrocarbon-O 2 -Ar flames was recently undertaken [59][60][61] to enhance different pathways of C 6 H 6 formation by using fuels with different structure. Species mole fraction profiles were measured by the MBMS technique, and temperature profiles were measured by LIF of seeded NO (0.5%).…”

Section: Benzene Formation In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Vovelle

Delfau

Pillier

2009

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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From the very first experimental studies, based essentially on flame propagation velocity and flame emission measurements, successive improvements in analytical and numerical techniques have contributed to make the analysis of laminar flame structure a powerful tool for extending the knowledge on combustion chemistry, thermodynamics, and transport properties. This better knowledge is very beneficial to design efficient combustion devices with reduced pollutant emission. Overall net species production rates are derived from the experimental determination of the evolution of the gas stream velocity, temperature, and species concentrations in the direction normal to the flame front. For species involved in a limited number of reactions, rate constants can be calculated at the next step. The development, in the early 1980s, of numerical codes for simulating the structure of one-dimensional laminar premixed flames the flame structure data to be directly used for validating detailed reaction mechanisms. Species analyses are still performed with techniques based on local gas sampling by probes, despite flame perturbations, but flame structure analyses have been markedly enriched by the use of non-intrusive spectroscopic techniques. The former allow the analysis of a large variety of species, and they have proven to be very well adapted to the large number of intermediate species formed in rich flames or in flames fed by heavy fuel molecules. The molecular beam mass spectrometry technique has been recently improved by the use of new photoionization sources that allow identification of isomers and extend the knowledge on intermediate species involved in formation ofbenzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and soot in flames. Amongst various spectroscopic techniques applied to flame structure analyses, laser-induced fluorescence has been largely used to perform accurate quantitative measurements of intermediate radicals that play a key role in the prompt-NO mechanism. In this study, the contribution of flame structure studies to a better knowledge of formation mechanisms of benzene and NO x is briefly reviewed.

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Section: Benzene Formation In Flamessupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Benzene Formation In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Vovelle

Delfau

Pillier

2009

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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“…This investigation provides identification of a variety of species and discusses isomeric contributions, e.g., C 7 H 6 and C 7 H 8 . Mole fractions have been determined experimentally for a large number of intermediates, and in many cases, results from [22,46], as well as from previous measurements [58], agree within joint error estimates, depending on the ionization energies and sections, fragmen- tation, and spectral overlap. As an example, Fig.…”

Section: Benzene and Aromatics Formation Studied By Mass Spectrometrysupporting

confidence: 61%

Experimental and numerical methods for studying the flame structure

Kohse‐Höinghaus

Brockhinke

2009

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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Laminar premixed flames under laboratory conditions often at reduced pressures are of great interest for combustion chemistry and environmental pollution. Recently, there has been considerable progress in studying the combustion of hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and their mixtures. Methods of laser diagnostics, including cavity ringdown spectroscopy and laser induced fluorescence, combined with a number of mass spectrometry techniques for in situ studies of flames allow measurements of concentrations of major species and intermediate products in flames. The structure of fuel molecules and the effect of fuel composition on the structure of intermediate products were studied from the viewpoint of formation of undesired and potentially harmful combustion products in hydrocarbon and oxygenate flames. Chemiluminescence was studied using data on collisional energy transfer. Low-temperature combustion of strongly diluted mixtures in a flow type reactor was investigated.

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“…[12]) or particulate sampling (as suggested by Roth [24]), the local temperature can be reduced drastically to well below the condensation temperatures. For quartz nozzles this temperature will be typically below 1400 K, whilst the adiabatic flame temperatures for these mixtures lie between around 2700 K at 30 mbar and around 3200 K at atmospheric pressure in this stoichiometric range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both, for the investigation of the flame effects and also for the work on nano-particles, nozzle sampling techniques are frequently employed for subsequent analysis of the gases and/or particles using molecular beam or particle mass spectrometry (See, for example [12,13]). Paur et al [14] used a nozzle to produce a molecular beam which they later analysed using particle mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Equilibrium Iron Thermochemistry in Flames

Staude

Atakan²

2009

TOTHERJ

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Abstract:The thermochemistry of iron in flames has been investigated theoretically using the Cantera software package. The focus was placed on the iron intermediates as well as the conditions under which condensed phases of iron or ironspecies could be expected in a flame. For this purpose, equilibrium calculations were carried out for iron seeded hydrogen/oxygen/argon and propene/oxygen/argon gas mixtures at combustion relevant conditions. Varying stoichiometries over a wide range of temperatures and pressures were investigated. The results allow a prognosis which gas phase iron species may be expected in measurable concentrations at given flame conditions, and also whether condensed phases of iron or iron species are likely. Also, the effect of sampling probes on the gas mixture composition due to flame cooling is discussed.

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Fuel-rich flame chemistry in low-pressure cyclopentene flames

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Experimental and numerical methods for studying the flame structure

An Investigation of Equilibrium Iron Thermochemistry in Flames

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