Fuel Quality Impact on Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions:- A Literature Review

Lee, Robert J.; Pedley, Joanna F.; Hobbs, Christine H.

doi:10.4271/982649

Cited by 79 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…Water has a lower tendency to dissociated and will lead to a lower concentrations of oxygen, also decreasing NOx production. The studies also indicate that lessening poly-aromatics increases the cetane number, thus aiding in the reduction of gaseous HC emissions [15].…”

Section: Aromatic Contentmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…For engines with little premixed combustion, the impact of cetane on NOx is small [15]. Thus, there is no general trend for cetane number, the impact is specific to the engine technology utilized.…”

Section: (Nvh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has shown that within the 3500 C to 4000 C range, high-end volatility has little impact on PM emissions [47]. A small decrease has been observed in NOx as the back-end volatility has been decreased, no effect on PM was noted [15]. In general, as the fuel's volatility is increased, the rate of premixed burning will also increase.…”

Section: Laboratories Indicates That There Is a Strong Correlation Bementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reducing poly-aromatics reduces PM in older higher emitting engines, but for modem engines, reducing poly-aromatics has little impact [15]. The expected reduction is based on experiments conducted on a low temperature diffusion flame.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on DI Diesel Combustion and Emissions

Hallgren

Heywood

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Emissions from compression ignition (CI) engines are being placed under stricter regulations. The use of oxygenated fuels has been proposed as a means of complying with future emission levels. Previous research on oxygenates has suggested the presence of molecular oxygen within the fuel significantly reduces the formation of particulate matter (PM). The PM reduction is logarithmic and correlates with the weight percent of oxygen in the fuel and not with other properties such as chemical structure and volatility. However, many studies fail to correctly decouple the effects of oxygenates from other fuel properties that impact emission levels; such as cetane number, density, aromatic content, and volatility.Mechanisms responsible for changes in the combustion process and emissions were investigated with a matrix containing 14 fuels, addressing oxygenate proportionality, structure, volatility, equivalent structure without oxygen, and changes in the base diesel fuel. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used to evaluate changes in particle size distributions, in addition to gravimetric filter and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) measurements.Engine emissions tests were conducted using a Ricardo Hydra MK IV direct injection (DI) diesel engine. The sensitivity of engine operation parameters to intake temperature, load, injection timing, and ignition delay (ID) were evaluated with the baseline fuel. All fuels in the matrix were matched for total released energy and combustion phasing, using a cetane improving additive. The changes in emission have been quantified with agreement between the relative trends observed with the integrated SMPS volume concentrations and filter measurements. In order to evaluate changes among fuels and measurements taken with the SMPS, various fuels were subjected to physical and chemical characterization in order to determine morphological and compositional changes.

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Section: Aromatic Contentmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: (Nvh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratories Indicates That There Is a Strong Correlation Bementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on DI Diesel Combustion and Emissions

Hallgren

Heywood

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…al [28]. It was reported that the H/C ratio of a fuel can also impact NO x emissions by influencing another aspect of the kinetic pathway through reductions of the concentration of species required by the ratelimiting step in the extended Zeldovich mechanism.…”

Section: No X Emission Trends With Engine Operating Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project

Bergin¹

2003

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Fuels for Engines and the Impact of Fuel Composition on Engine Performance

Mueller

Cannella

Kalghatgi

2014

Encyclopedia of Automotive Engineering

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Fuel is required for an engine to produce work. Reciprocating internal combustion engines are classified by the manner by which this fuel is ignited: spark ignition (SI) or compression ignition (CI). The specific effects of changing a given fuel property depend on many detailed parameters of the engine and combustion strategy in which the fuel is used, as well as the conditions over which the engine is operated. SI engines typically perform better with higher volatility fuels that resist autoignition (gasolines), while conventional CI engines tend to perform better with fuels exhibiting the opposite volatility and autoignition characteristics (diesel fuels). Fuels and engine technologies are currently evolving, however, and as a result, these historical fuel distinctions may become less relevant in the future. As such, it is important to understand how the chemical composition of a fuel determines its operational attributes, including autoignition quality and volatility, as well as many others. This chapter provides a broad overview of topics related to the selection and use of fuels for reciprocating internal combustion engines, including the following: petroleum‐based, alternative, and renewable fuel production techniques; the compositional characteristics of liquid‐ and gas‐phase fuels; key physical and chemical properties of fuels; and the specifications that have been developed to ensure that fuels perform as required in their given applications. The chapter concludes with a brief summary and outlook for the future of fuels for reciprocating internal combustion engines.

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Fuel Quality Impact on Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions:- A Literature Review

Cited by 79 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on DI Diesel Combustion and Emissions

Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on DI Diesel Combustion and Emissions

Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project

Fuels for Engines and the Impact of Fuel Composition on Engine Performance

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