Fuel pellets from biomass: The importance of the pelletizing pressure and its dependency on the processing conditions

Stelte, Wolfgang; Holm, Jesper; Sanadi, Anand R.; Barsberg, Søren; Ahrenfeldt, Jesper; Henriksen, Ulrik Birk

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.05.011

Cited by 214 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Contudo, a densidade aparente dos pellets somente pode atingir um valor máximo que corresponde à densidade da parede celular (Stelte et al, 2011a), cerca de 1500 kg.m -³. Apesar de não ser normatizada, Tarasov et al (2013) recomendaram densidade aparente dos pellets entre 1000 e 1400 kg.m -³. Verificou-se que as densidades dos pellets avaliados estão dentro do limite sugerido.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Pereira

Carneiro

Carvalho

et al. 2016

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ResumoOs pellets vêm se tornando uma importante fonte renovável de energia para utilização industrial e doméstica. O mercado consumidor está cada vez mais exigente quanto à qualidade do produto e essa pode ser melhorada por meio da utilização de diferentes aditivos, como a lignina kraft. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade dos pellets de eucalipto produzidos com adição de diferentes percentagens de lignina kraft. A matéria-prima utilizada para produção de pellets foi madeira com casca de um clone de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla com aproximadamente cinco anos de idade, proveniente de plantio comercial, além de 10% de resíduos da colheita do eucalipto (ponteira, folhas e galhos). Excluindo-se a testemunha (0% de lignina), adicionou-se 1, 2, 3, e 5% de lignina kraft, em relação à massa seca da matéria-prima. Os pellets foram produzidos em uma peletizadora laboratorial com matriz circular horizontal. Foram avaliadas as seguintes propriedades dos pellets: teor de umidade, poder calorífico superior e útil, densidade a granel e aparente, densidade energética, teor de cinzas, comprimento e diâmetro, dureza, durabilidade mecânica e teor de finos. A adição de lignina kraft em pellets de eucalipto contribuiu para a melhoria das propriedades físicas e mecânicas, no que se diz respeito à densidade, durabilidade mecânica, geração de finos e dureza. A adição de lignina ocasionou a elevação dos teores de cinzas e da umidade dos pellets. Conclui-se que a adição de lignina para produção de pellets é viável, desde que sejam utilizadas ligninas com menores teores de cinzas e umidade. Palavras-chave: Durabilidade mecânica; aditivo; combustível sólido; cinzas. AbstractInfluence of adding kraft lignin in eucalyptus pellets properties. The pellets are becoming an important renewable source of energy for industrial and domestic use. The consumer market is increasingly demanding in terms of product quality and this may be improved through the use of various additives, such as kraft lignin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of eucalyptus pellets produced with the addition of different percentages of kraft lignin. The raw material used for production of pellets was wood with bark of an Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla clone, with approximately five years of age, obtained from commercial planting, and 10% of waste of eucalyptus harvest (tops, leaves and branches). Excluding the control (0% lignin) was added 1, 2, 3, and 5% kraft lignin, relative to the dry mass of raw material. The pellets were produced in a laboratory pelletizer with a horizontal circular array. The following properties of the pellets were evaluated: moisture content, gross and net calorific value, unit density, bulk density, energy density, ash content, length and diameter, hardness, mechanical durability and fines content. The addition of kraft lignin contributed to improving the pellets physical and mechanical properties, as regards the density, mechanical durability, fines and hardness. The addition of lignin cau...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Pereira

Carneiro

Carvalho

et al. 2016

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“…Furthermore, components in internal structure of biomass activate with high temperatures for bonding mechanism. The moisture extracted from biomass at high temperatures reduces the friction between the biomass and die [17]. Also, lignin, a main constituent of woody/herbaceous biomass, gains flowability above the glass-transition temperature, thus maintains internal bonds for mechanically durable pellets [5].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Friction force in die channel is a temperature dependent parameter, which is determined by Stelte et al [17]. They have observed that when the temperature increases the pelletizing pressure drops.…”

Section: No /mentioning

confidence: 98%

Use of Disc Springs in a Pellet Fuel Machine for Pressure Regulation and Prevention of Damage

Çelik

Gunes

2017

Acta Polytech

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Abstract. The use of biomass fuel pellets is becoming widespread as a renewable and environmentfriendly energy. Pellet fuels are produced in various pellet machine types. Pellet machines encounter problems such as pressure irregularities and choke at the initial start for different kinds of biomass feedstock. In this study, disc springs are integrated into a vertical axis pellet machine for a pressure regulation and design optimization. Force-deformation and stress-deformation relations of disc springs are investigated using analytical and finite element methods. Pelletizing pressures were calculated based on disc spring force values using the Hertzian stress formula. Utilized disc springs ensured the pressure regulation, production efficiency increase and damage prevention on the die-roller mechanism.

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“…In this paper, pellet density and diametric compression strength were also used as the two indexes to evaluate the quality of WH pellets produced with different process parameters. During the densification of most biomass, the optimal moisture content of the raw material is between 8% and 16%, and the optimal process temperature is between 80 and 120 °C (Kashaninejad and Tabil 2011;Stelte et al 2011;Samuelsson et al 2012;Ståhl et al 2012). The center points and the edge points of the two process parameters were included in this study, such that the five variations in moisture content and temperature tested were 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, and 16% and 80, 90, 100, 110, and 120 °C, respectively.…”

Section: Preparation Of Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass sources with different chemical compositions require different process parameters for their densification (Kashaninejad and Tabil 2011;Stelte et al 2011;Samuelsson et al 2012;Ståhl et al 2012). Moisture content and temperature are two important process parameters that greatly influence the quality of biomass fuel pellets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moisture Content and Temperature on the Quality of Water Hyacinth Pellets

Xia¹,

Zong-shou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Moisture content and temperature are two important process parameters that greatly influence the quality of biomass pellet fuels. The moisture content of raw material was varied at five levels (8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%) to test its effect on water hyacinth pellet density and diametric compression strength. The experimental conditions included a compressing force of 6 kN, hammer mill screen size of 2 mm, and temperature of 100 °C. Five temperature conditions (80, 90, 100, 110, and 120 °C) were studied under the same conditions and 12% moisture content. In these conditions, the optimal moisture contents for water hyacinth pellet density and diametric compression strength were 12.2% and 11.5%, respectively, and the optimal temperatures were 100.4 °C and 104.3 °C, respectively.

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Fuel pellets from biomass: The importance of the pelletizing pressure and its dependency on the processing conditions

Cited by 214 publications

References 24 publications

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Influência Da Adição De Lignina Kraft Nas Propriedades De Pellets De Eucalipto

Use of Disc Springs in a Pellet Fuel Machine for Pressure Regulation and Prevention of Damage

Effects of Moisture Content and Temperature on the Quality of Water Hyacinth Pellets

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