Fuel flexible gasification with an advanced 100 kW dual fluidized bed steam gasification pilot plant

In many processes proposed for biorefineries, recycling procedures, and industrial or agricultural production processes, residue is generated which could be further transformed by thermochemical conversion via gasification. The technology of dual fluidized bed steam gasification is capable of producing a valuable product gas out of such residue. The generated nitrogen-free product gas can be used for heat and power production and is suitable for separating gases (e.g. hydrogen). However, if the product gas is cleaned, its use as syngas is more beneficial for manufacturing renewable chemical substances, like synthetic natural gas, methanol, Fischer-Tropsch liquids, or mixed alcohols. This paper presents the results of experimental research from gasification test runs of different biogenic fuels, carried out with an advanced 100 kW pilot plant over the last 5 years at TU Wien. The focus is to provide an overview of measured results validated by mass and energy balances and to present key calculated performance indicating key figures of the test runs. In this way, the influence of various operational parameters and the composition of the product gas are evaluated. The presented results form the basis for the proper design of suitable gas-cleaning equipment. Subsequently, the clean syngas is available for several synthesis applications in future biorefineries.

Section: Process Simulation Via Ipsepro and Calculation Of Key Figuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Syngas for biorefineries from thermochemical gasification of lignocellulosic fuels and residues—5 years’ experience with an advanced dual fluidized bed gasifier design

Schmid

Benedikt

Fuchs

et al. 2019

“…To enable a comparison of these test campaigns with test campaigns, where pure steam was used as gasification agent, a ratio between P CR and P GR was calculated. For pure steam gasification test campaigns, a P CR /P GR ratio of around 0.5 is a typical value, but it depends on the type of fuel introduced into the GR as well as the operating parameters [8,28]. For the Fig.…”

Section: Validation Of Process Data With Ipsepromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this research focuses on the reuse of alternative, residual materials and the conversion to high-valuable products by reusing CO 2 within the process. Extensive investigations dealing with fuel variations in the DFB gasification system using steam as gasification agent were already carried out successfully at TU Wien [8][9][10]. However, the gasification of biogenic, low-grade fuels with the use of CO 2 /steam mixtures as gasification agent has not been investigated so far in the DFB reactor system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 gasification of biogenic fuels in a dual fluidized bed reactor system

Mauerhofer

Müller

Benedikt

et al. 2019

A 100 kW th dual fluidized bed steam gasification pilot plant has been developed at TU Wien to convert different types of biogenic fuels into a valuable product gas. In this paper, the conversion of different biogenic fuels in combination with the utilization of CO 2 as alternative gasification agent was investigated in the mentioned pilot plant. For this purpose, five experimental campaigns were carried out aiming at the investigation of softwood as reference fuel, and rapeseed cake, bark and lignin as alternative fuels. Pure olivine as well as a mixture (90/10 wt%) of olivine and limestone were used as bed materials. The product gas compositions of the different biogenic fuels changed depending on the elemental composition of the biogenic fuels. Thus, a high amount of carbon in the fuel enhanced CO formation, whereas an increased content of oxygen led to higher CO 2 contents. Additionally, the presence of alkali metals in the biomass ash favoured the production of CO. The addition of limestone enhanced the H 2 and CO contents via the water gas shift reaction as well as steam and dry reforming reactions, but had no significant effect on tar contents. Overall, this paper presents the feasibility of the dual-fluidized bed gasification process of different biogenic fuels with CO 2 as gasification agent. Keywords CO 2 gasification. Biomass. Biogenic residue. 100 kW th pilot plant. CO 2 conversion. Hydrogen balance

“…Furthermore, the utilization of residual biomass of lower quality than stem-wood-based biomass is of high interest for improving the economic feasibility of the process as well as increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix. Previous studies have been focused on the use of, e.g., chicken manure, bark, straw, sugar cane bagasse, or exhausted olive pomace as residual biomass [21][22][23]. Different residual biomasses cannot be compared easily since their composition and fuel characteristics vary greatly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of residual fuel ash layers on the catalytic activation of K-feldspar regarding the water–gas shift reaction

Fürsatz

Kuba

Janisch

et al. 2020

Interaction of biomass ash and bed materials in thermochemical conversion in fluidized beds leads to changes of the bed particle surface due to ash layer formation. Ash components present on the bed particle surface strongly depend on the ash composition of the fuel. Thus, the residual biomass used has a strong influence on the surface changes on bed particles in fluidized bed conversion processes and, therefore, on the catalytic performance of the bed material layers. Ash layer formation is associated with an increase in the catalytic activity of the bed particles in gasification and plays a key role in the operability of different biomass fuels. The catalytic activation over time was observed for K-feldspar used as the bed material with bark, chicken manure, and a mixture of bark and chicken manure as fuels. The changes on the bed material surfaces were further characterized by SEM/ EDS and BET analyses. Raman, XPS, and XRD analyses were used to characterize the crystal phases on the bed material surface. An increase in surface area over time was observed for K-feldspar during the interaction with biomass ash. Additionally, a more inhomogeneous surface composition for fuels containing chicken manure in comparison to pure bark was observed. This was due to the active participation of phosphorus from the fuel ash in the ash transformation reactions leading to their presence on the particle surface. A decreased catalytic activity was observed for the same BET surface area compared to bark combustion, caused by the different fuel ash composition of chicken manure.