Fuel ethanol production from commercial grain sorghum cultivars with different tannin content

Ramírez, María Belén; Ferrari, Mario Daniel; Lareo, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2016.02.019

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As a result, a significantly ( P < 0.05) higher ethanol yield (76.78% theoretical yield; 357.8 L tonnes −1 grain; 0.55 L kg −1 starch) was obtained than from yeast stationary fermentations (75.53% theoretical yield; 351.9 L tonnes −1 grain; 0.53 L kg −1 starch) (Table 2). Similar ethanol results were reported by Ramirez et al 24 . who obtained ethanol 288–390 L t −1 dry basis of grain sorghum, with agitation at 150 rpm for S. cerevisiae .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The SSF technique has a number of advantages: it allows the fermentation of dense mash (high gravity), as well as the conduction of a multi‐stage process in a single reactor; it has a lower risk of microbial contamination, a lower energy demand, a lower water consumption and lower investment costs; and, at the same time, it increases ethanol yield 16,17 . However, most studies on the production of ethanol from sorghum have focused on sweet sorghum, 1,18‐22 but some studies have also shown sorghum grain to be useful in ethanol production 23–26 . The method of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation has been improved by application of a complex preparation called STARGEN (Genencor International, Palo Alto, CA, USA), containing amylolytic enzymes showing the ability to hydrolyze granular starch at the temperature below the temperature of starch gelatinization 3,13,17,27,28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,17 However, most studies on the production of ethanol from sorghum have focused on sweet sorghum, 1,[18][19][20][21][22] but some studies have also shown sorghum grain to be useful in ethanol production. [23][24][25][26] The method of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation has been improved by application of a complex preparation called STARGEN (Genencor International, Palo Alto, CA, USA), containing amylolytic enzymes showing the ability to hydrolyze granular starch at the temperature below the temperature of starch gelatinization. 3,13,17,27,28 These enzymes make it possible to omit the high-temperature process of gelatinization and liquefying, which significantly reduces energy requirements and the problems associated with high mash viscosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates

et al. 2023

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BACKGROUND The present study aimed to demonstrate the superiority of bioethanol yield and its quality from sorghum using the granular starch degrading enzyme Stargen™ 002 over simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, and separate hydrolysis and fermentation using Zymomonas mobilis CCM 3881 and Ethanol Red® yeast. RESULTS Bacteria were found to produce ethanol at higher yield than the yeast in all fermentations. The highest ethanol yield was obtained with Z. mobilis during 48 h of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (83.85% theoretical yield) and fermentation with Stargen™ 002 (81.27% theoretical yield). Pre‐liquefaction in fermentation with Stargen™ 002 did not improve ethanol yields for both Z. mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chromatographic analysis showed twice less total volatile compounds in distillates obtained after bacterial (3.29–5.54 g L−1) than after yeast (7.84–9.75 g L−1) fermentations. Distillates obtained after bacterial fermentation were characterized by high level of aldehydes (up to 65% of total volatiles) and distillates obtained after yeast fermentation of higher alcohols (up to 95% of total volatiles). The process of fermentation using granular starch hydrolyzing enzyme cocktail Stargen™ 002 resulted in low amounts of all volatile compounds in distillates obtained after bacterial fermentation, but the highest amounts in distillates obtained after yeast fermentation. CONCLUSION The present study emphasizes the great potential of bioethanol production from sorghum with Z. mobilis using granular starch hydrolyzing enzyme Stargen™ 002, which leads to reduced water and energy consumption, especially when energy sources are strongly related to global climate change. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates

et al. 2023

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“…The high starch content contained in grain sorghum (∼64–74% on a dry basis) has produced favorable ethanol yields in fermentations supplemented with protease . However, a primary drawback for grain sorghum is possessing a higher tannin content compared to most other cereal crops which can negatively impact starch hydrolysis yields and downstream ethanol fermentation. , Alternatively, sweet sorghum contains a high content of nonstructural sugars (primarily sucrose with lower amounts of free glucose and fructose) that can be extracted through similar processes used in the sugar cane ethanol industry . As opposed to sugar cane, sweet sorghum can be grown in wider agricultural hardiness zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Sweet Sorghum Juice for the Production of Astaxanthin as a Biorefinery Co-Product by Phaffia rhodozyma

Stoklosa

Johnston

Nghiem

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This work investigates cultivating the red-pigmented yeast Phaffia rhodozyma in sweet sorghum juice (SSJ) to assess the production of astaxanthin as a potential biorefinery co-product. Shake flask cultures on defined sugar medium indicated that all three sugars (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) could be consumed with adequate nitrogen and nutrient supplementation. Only modest biomass growth and astaxanthin production could be achieved in SSJ without nitrogen supplementation; however, combining nitrogen supplementation with yeast extract in diluted SSJ could metabolize all sugars present in 168 h. A 2 L bioreactor trial with full strength (i.e., undiluted) SSJ produced up to 29 g/L of biomass, 65.4 mg/L of astaxanthin, an overall cell astaxanthin content of 2.49 mg astaxanthin/g dry cell mass, and a volumetric astaxanthin productivity of 0.389 mg/L/h after 168 h of cultivation. Further process optimization is needed since glucose metabolism was incomplete in undiluted SSJ.

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“…Phenolic compounds included in sorghum exhibit a strong anti-mutagenic activity and sorghum extracts show a strong antioxidant activity [8][9][10] . Sorghum functionality has been examined in previous studies such as assays of antioxidant and antibiotic activities after methanol extraction followed by sequential solvent fractionation 11 , measurement of anthocyanin antioxidant activity 12 , and study of phenolic acid, flavonoid, and tannin [13][14][15] . Although sorghum has been actively studied for antioxidant components and physiological function, there is no result for changes of major chemical and antioxidant components from the harvested seeds according to cultivation time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of Sorghum bicolor antioxidant activity on harvest time

Jeon¹,

Kim²,

Park³

et al. 2017

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:This study was done to examine the correlation between differential contents of antioxidants and their antioxidative activities in the seeds obtained from two sorghum cultivars (Nampungchal and Hwanggeumchal) according to harvest time post heading, and to understand the properties of the harvested seeds. The seeds were harvested every 5 days from 25-55 days post heading. Length, width, thickness, and morphological properties of the obtained seeds were increased in proportion to the harvest time. The weights per thousand grains, crude fat, and redness (a * ) clearly changed depending on the harvest time. The grain weight and fat content showed the highest value at harvest time days 45 (HT 45). The seed coat lightness (L * ), crude protein, total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin in both cultivars were inversely proportional to the harvest time. In addition, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were also reduced in inverse proportion to the elapsed harvest time. Antioxidants including polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin showed positive correlations with the antioxidative activities such as ABTS and DPPH activities, but antioxidants and their activities had no significant correlations between cultivars. We therefore propose that sorghum harvest is performed earlier to improve its antioxidative function.

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Fuel ethanol production from commercial grain sorghum cultivars with different tannin content

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates

Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates

Utilization of Sweet Sorghum Juice for the Production of Astaxanthin as a Biorefinery Co-Product by Phaffia rhodozyma

Dependence of Sorghum bicolor antioxidant activity on harvest time

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