Fuel-efficiency of hydrogen and heat storage technologies for integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources

Abstract

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Dispatch of fuel cells as Transmission Integrated Grid Energy Resources to support renewables and reduce emissions

“…These attributes allow fuel cell technology to be readily sited within the urban environment while also providing grid support. Several prior studies have examined the potential of fuel cells (and other distributed generation capable of combined heat and power) in supporting a future grid with high renewable penetrations [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These studies have focused on Denmark's electric system and have made important and fundamental conclusions regarding fuel cells in energy systems with high renewables.…”

Integrated transport and renewable energy systems

“…If the aim is to increase the share of renewable energy in Denmark as such, the transport sector is one of the most important sectors to include in combination with other flexible technologies for energy systems (Blarke and Lund, in press;Clark and Rifkin, 2006;Hvelplund, 2006;Lund, 2000;Mathiesen and Lund, 2005;Salgi and Lund, 2008;Sørensen et al, 2004). In other sectors, measures have already been taken to reach this aim.…”

Wind/hydrogen hybrid systems: Opportunity for Ireland’s wind resource to provide consistent sustainable energy supply

“…Some of these strategies included CHP from fuel cells and electric vehicles possibly powered by fuel cells and hydrogen. In another study by Mathiesen et al [32], hydrogen storage is incorporated into an energy system model to avoid excess electricity production by wind and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, reducing CO 2. However, in a closed system, this study concluded that hydrogen storage / electrolyser / fuel cell system and electrolysis CHP systems would reduce excess electricity but only marginally reduce fossil fuel consumption in the system.…”