Fuel cells for low power applications

Heinzel, Angelika; Hebling, Christopher; Müller, M.; Zedda, Mario; Müller, Claas

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(01)00948-x

Cited by 189 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Considering that variations in the voltages of the fuel-cell stack and the batteries are not large, the duty cycle will vary within a limited small range, which means, for instance, values of , , and are between 0.70-0.75. Based on this assumption, we can take the following expression as a criterion for power distribution among the batteries: (3) where is a preset limit for the total charging current that can be estimated according to the maximum current available from the fuel-cell stack and the average duty cycle of power converters. Equation (3) gives a basic requirement for the design of control strategies for active power sharing.…”

Section: System Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field application of a portable charging system may be far away from the utility power systems. In this case, the fuel cell, which is emerging as one of the most promising technologies for the future power sources [2], [3], may provide a good solution for powering the portable battery-charging station [4], [5]. However, the limited power supply of the fuel cell and the nonlinearity of both fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries [6]- [9] present difficulties for the system design.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Control Strategies for Active Power Sharing in a Fuel-Cell-Powered Battery-Charging Station

Jiang

Dougal

2004

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Abstract-This paper presents an effective system design for a fuel-cell-powered battery-charging station and three control strategies for active power sharing among the batteries. This battery-charging station allows multiple batteries to be simultaneously charged. Three control strategies were investigated to coordinate the active power distribution among the battery-charging branches. The baseline control strategy was equal rate charging. Two advanced control strategies, proportional rate charging and pulse current charging, were compared to the baseline strategy. These control strategies were realized in MATLAB/Simulink, and the current and voltage regulations were implemented using the classical proportional-integral control approach. The system simulation was conducted in the Virtual Test Bed by embedding Simulink objects of the controller and co-simulating with MATLAB. The experimental tests were performed by compiling Simulink codes of the controller and downloading to the dSPACE platform to control real hardware. The simulation and experimental results are given. Experimental tests validate these control strategies.

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Section: System Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Control Strategies for Active Power Sharing in a Fuel-Cell-Powered Battery-Charging Station

Jiang

Dougal

2004

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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“…Because μFCs are widely considered to be a major candidate for the micro scaled power generation with higher energy densities than the most competitive rechargeable batteries, many researchers have taken great labor in fabrication of μFCs or its components [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, apart from the good designs and advanced materials, miniaturizing fuel cells for micro scaled power source is actually hindered by the difficulty of reducing their physical dimensions because macro-sized fuel cell components (such as bipolar plates and fuel storage cans) are often limited by their characteristic fabrication technology constraints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Micro PEM Fuel Cell Pack Based on MEMS Technology

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2008

TOEFJ

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Investigation of a micro PEM fuel cell pack based on MEMS technology is carried out in this paper. A Novel type of Z-type anode flow field plates were applied to replace the full pin-type ones used previously and all the single cells were assembled in the same plane with a fuel distributor as their support. The total pack's volume is about 4.0ml. Operating on dry H 2 and air-breathing conditions at 20±3°C and 50±3% RH, the pack produced the peak power of 1.34W and the estimated maximum power density of the pack could reach 335W/L. Meanwhile, all the single cells had rather even performances which were based on V-I and internal resistance measurement (EIS). The results suggested that the pack's performance was greatly improved compared to the previous work. The novel Z-type anode flow field leading to more even fuel distribution among each cell probably had the greatest contribution for the improvement.

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“…The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has attracted increasing attention as a portable power source for cellular phones, notebook computers, and applications in small robots because of its longer operation time compared with the conventional rechargeable battery and as there is no need to recharge [1,2]. To achieve practical use of the PEMFC, a further reduction in size and weight is needed and reducing auxiliary devices is desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cathode separator structure on performance characteristics of free-breathing PEMFCs

Tabe

Park

Kikuta

et al. 2006

Journal of Power Sources

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The performance of free-breathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) was studied experimentally and the effect of the cathode separator structure on the cell performance was investigated. The result showed that it is difficult to realize a uniform contact pressure across the cell layers for the open type separator, and this results in higher contact resistance and poorer cell performance than the channel type separator.The channel type separator can maintain a low contact resistance, and the cell performance is strongly affected by the natural convection inside the channel. Optimization of the channel design of the channel type separator achieves good performance and this type of separator is superior for a free-breathing PEMFC. A computational three-dimensional analysis for the free-breathing channel type PEMFC with the different channel depths was performed, and it identified the influence of natural convection.

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Fuel cells for low power applications

Cited by 189 publications

References 2 publications

Control Strategies for Active Power Sharing in a Fuel-Cell-Powered Battery-Charging Station

Control Strategies for Active Power Sharing in a Fuel-Cell-Powered Battery-Charging Station

Investigation of a Micro PEM Fuel Cell Pack Based on MEMS Technology

Effect of cathode separator structure on performance characteristics of free-breathing PEMFCs

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