Fuel cell integrated unified power quality conditioner for voltage and current reparation in four‐wire distribution grid

Abstract

Electrical and electronic devices, when exposed to one or more power quality problems, are prone to failure. This study aims to enhance the quality of power in three-phase four-wire distribution grid using fuel cell integrated unified power quality conditioner (FCI-UPQC). The proposed FCI-UPQC has a four-leg converter on the shunt side and three-leg converter on the series side. A combination of a synchronous reference frame and instantaneous reactive power theories is utilised to generate reference signals of the FCI-UPQC. Also, this study proposes an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller to maintain the DC-link voltage in the FCI-UPQC. The ANFIS controller is designed like a Sugeno fuzzy architecture and trained offline using data from the proportional-integral controller. The obtained results proved that the proposed FCI-UPQC compensated power quality problems such as voltage sag, swell, harmonics, neutral current, source current imbalance in the three-phase four-wire distribution grid. The presence of fuel cell in this work makes more effectiveness of the proposed system by providing real power support during supply interruption on the grid side. load current I a *, I b *, I c * converter current V L2a , V L2b , V L2c load voltage

Novel power flow analysis method based on impedance matching for UPQC with grid voltage fluctuations and unbalanced loads

“…From (19), Z parb , and Z parc are negative impedances, indicating that the B-and C-phases of the PC operate in a rectifier state and absorb the input powers P Sb and P Sc . Conversely, Z para is a positive impedance, indicating that the A-phase of the PC operates in an inverter state and provides two-third of active power P La absorbed from the other two phases.…”

“…The analysis of (33) is similar to (19), except that Z parabc will be reduced in Case II. Also, Z ABCout are the same as that of (20).…”

“…The internal power flow is worthy of attention because it can demonstrate the operating principle and help to understand the control essence of the system. However, so far, the power flow has not been analysed from the perspective of impedance matching in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The impedance matching has been applied to analyse the power transmission characteristics in different situations, such as the power-sharing between multiple distributed generations [21], the power matching between two power grids [22], the maximum power acquisition in the photovoltaic power generation systems [23] and the wireless power transmission systems [24] etc.…”

DEC fuel cell‐based universal power compensator for dual PCC system

“…The external power source cannot be directly connected to the inverters of UPQC system, 9 as the voltage output level from the fuel cell may be less and not appropriate for the rated conditions of load. Thus, a DC‐DC converter is essential for voltage correction.…”

A Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Trading Scheme Coupling Energy and Carbon Markets

“…To help the integration of DRESs, 200 million smart meters will be invested in E.U. by 2020 [3], which facilitates increasing number of consumers to produce or store electricity at home through solar panels [4], electric vehicles [5], and batteries [6]. The role of prosumers is formed when consumers actively manage their own electricity generation and consumption [7] relying on smart meters and these technologies.…”